Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Wavelengths that are a little bit shorter than visible light are a. | infrared. | b. | red. | c. | violet. | d. | ultraviolet. | | |
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2.
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Most
of Earth's incoming ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by a. | clouds. | b. | dust. | c. | ozone. | d. | water vapor. | | |
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3.
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Most
of the energy that heats Earth's atmosphere is a. | visible light. | b. | ultraviolet
light. | c. | blue light. | d. | infrared
radiation. | | |
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4.
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The
greenhouse effect is a. | the absorption of energy by clouds. | b. | a gradual
increase in the temperature of the atmosphere. | c. | the reflection
of solar energy into the atmosphere. | d. | the process by which gases hold heat in the
atmosphere. | | |
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5.
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The
total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance is called a. | radiation. | b. | absorbed energy. | c. | thermal
energy. | d. | temperature. | | |
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6.
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Heat
transfer between two substances that are in contact is called a. | conduction. | b. | thermal energy. | c. | convection. | d. | radiation. | | |
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7.
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Heat
from a campfire reaches you by a. | conduction. | b. | light
emission. | c. | convection. | d. | radiation. | | |
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8.
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Most
of the heating of the troposphere comes from a. | conduction. | b. | induction. | c. | convection. | d. | radiation. | | |
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9.
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Convection takes place because a. | warm air is more dense than light
air. | b. | warm and cold
air have the same density. | c. | cold air is less dense than warm air. | d. | cold air is more
dense than warm air. | | |
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10.
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Winds
are caused by differences in a. | precipitation. | b. | humidity. | c. | air pressure. | d. | turbulence. | | |
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11.
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Cool
air masses tend to a. | be less dense and flow over warm air
masses. | b. | be lifted up by more dense warm air
masses. | c. | be less dense and flow under warm air
masses. | d. | mix easily with warm air masses. | | |
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12.
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Wind
speed is measured by a(an) a. | barometer. | b. | anemometer. | c. | thermometer. | d. | hygrometer. | | |
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13.
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Local
winds differ from global winds because they a. | are caused by unequal heating within a small
area. | b. | are caused by differences in cloud
cover. | c. | are due to unequal rainfall. | d. | are not
influenced by air masses. | | |
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14.
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Land
breezes occur because a. | land cools off faster than water. | b. | land cools off
more slowly than water. | c. | land heats up faster than water. | d. | land heats up
more slowly than water. | | |
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15.
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Global winds generally a. | are not influenced by the heating of Earth's
surface. | b. | are unpredictable. | c. | change
directions from day to day. | d. | blow from specific directions over long
distances. | | |
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16.
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Earth's rotation makes winds seem to curve. This is called the a. | convection
effect. | b. | global effect. | c. | Coriolis
effect. | d. | rotational effect. | | |
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17.
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Relative humidity can be measured with a a. | hydrometer. | b. | barometer. | c. | psychrometer. | d. | thermometer. | | |
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18.
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Clouds form when water vapor in the air a. | falls to the
ground. | b. | is deposited as ice onto a solid
surface. | c. | condenses onto a solid surface. | d. | becomes liquid
water or ice crystals. | | |
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19.
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Large
clouds that often produce thunderstorms are called a. | stratus
clouds. | b. | cumulonimbus clouds. | c. | cirrus
clouds. | d. | nimbostratus clouds. | | |
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20.
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Very
high feathery clouds are called a. | stratus clouds. | b. | cumulonimbus
clouds. | c. | cirrus clouds. | d. | nimbostratus
clouds. | | |
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21.
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Layered clouds that often cover much of the sky are called a. | stratus
clouds. | b. | cumulonimbus clouds. | c. | cirrus
clouds. | d. | cumulus clouds. | | |
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22.
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Any
form of water that falls from clouds is called a. | dew. | b. | evaporation. | c. | condensation. | d. | precipitation. | | |
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23.
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The
difference between sleet and hail is a. | the temperature of the ice pellets. | b. | the size of the
ice pellets. | c. | where the ice pellets formed. | d. | both B and
C | | |
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
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24.
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The
wavelengths of violet light are shorter than the wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation.
_________________________
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25.
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When
heated, Earth's surface radiates some of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared
radiation. _________________________
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26.
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Fluids like air tend to move toward areas of high pressure.
_________________________
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27.
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Local
winds blow over shorter distances than global winds. _________________________
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28.
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Earth's major wind belts are the trade winds, the prevailing westerlies, and the polar
latitudes. _________________________
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29.
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When
you touch a hot spoon, heat is transferred by conduction from the spoon to your hand.
_________________________
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30.
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The
three main types of clouds are cumulus, stratus, and altos.
_________________________
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Short Answer
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31.
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What
is the temperature of the dry-bulb thermometer?
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32.
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What
is the temperature of the wet-bulb thermometer?
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33.
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How
do the temperatures of the wet-bulb and dry-bulb thermometers compare?
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34.
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In
diagram X, which way does the wind blow? Why?
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35.
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In
diagram Y, which way does the wind blow? Why?
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Essay
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36.
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Contrast the three ways in which heat is transferred.
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37.
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Define relative humidity and explain how it is measured.
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38.
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Name
the type of cloud that looks like rows of cotton balls very high in the sky. What kind of weather can
you predict from these clouds?
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39.
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Explain why the region near the equator has little or no wind.
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40.
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Explain the difference between sleet and freezing rain.
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