Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Substances that provide energy as the result of a chemical change are
called a. | fertilizers. | b. | reserves. | c. | fuels. | d. | refineries. | | |
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2.
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The
process of burning a fuel to change chemical energy into thermal energy is called a. | heat. | b. | electricity. | c. | energy. | d. | combustion. | | |
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3.
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The
three major fossil fuels are coal, oil, and a. | wood. | b. | natural
gas. | c. | gasoline. | d. | electricity. | | |
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4.
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Fossil fuels are energy-rich because they contain a. | fossil
fragments. | b. | heat. | c. | electricity. | d. | hydrocarbons. | | |
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5.
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Coal
is a solid fossil fuel formed from a. | the remains of animals. | b. | rocks. | c. | decaying plant remains. | d. | hardened
lava. | | |
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6.
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The
most plentiful fossil fuel in the United States is a. | coal. | b. | oil. | c. | natural gas. | d. | wood. | | |
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7.
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Factories where crude oil is separated into fuels and other products are
called a. | deposits. | b. | reserves. | c. | refineries. | d. | incinerators. | | |
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8.
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Which
fossil fuel produces the lowest levels of most air pollutants? a. | coal | b. | oil | c. | petroleum | d. | natural
gas | | |
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9.
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Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources because they a. | burn so
quickly. | b. | are in such high demand. | c. | take hundreds of
millions of years to form. | d. | pollute the air. | | |
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10.
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Which
of the following is an advantage of solar energy? a. | It will not run out for billions of
years. | b. | It is not available at night. | c. | No back-up
energy sources are needed. | d. | It must be collected from a huge
area. | | |
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11.
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Wind
energy is actually an indirect form of a. | electricity. | b. | magnetic
energy. | c. | solar energy. | d. | nuclear
energy. | | |
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12.
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What
is the most widely used source of renewable energy in the world today? a. | hydroelectric
power | b. | solar power | c. | biomass
fuels | d. | nuclear power | | |
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13.
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What
fuel forms only water as a by-product when it is burned? a. | petroleum | b. | hydrogen | c. | natural
gas | d. | uranium | | |
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14.
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The
intense heat beneath Earth's surface can be a source of a. | hydrogen
power. | b. | nuclear fusion. | c. | geothermal
energy. | d. | solar energy. | | |
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15.
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The
splitting of an atom's nucleus into two smaller nuclei is called a. | nuclear
fusion. | b. | nuclear fission. | c. | a chain
reaction. | d. | a meltdown. | | |
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16.
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The
combining of two atomic nuclei to produce one larger nucleus is called a. | hydrogen
power. | b. | nuclear fission. | c. | nuclear
fusion. | d. | a meltdown. | | |
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17.
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Energy conservation means a. | slowing down a chemical change. | b. | burning a fuel
to release energy. | c. | using fossil fuels to produce
electricity. | d. | reducing energy use. | | |
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18.
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Efficiency is a. | the percentage of energy lost to the surroundings as
heat. | b. | the percentage of energy that is actually used to perform
work. | c. | the entire amount of energy. | d. | the time it
takes for half of the energy to be used. | | |
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19.
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In an
electric power plant, turbines are turned using which type of energy from steam? a. | chemical
energy | b. | mechanical energy | c. | electricity | d. | nuclear energy | | |
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20.
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What
is the result of using fossil fuels more rapidly than they are formed? a. | The reserves
will eventually be used up. | b. | The reserves will be refilled more
quickly. | c. | The reserves will not be affected. | d. | The price of
fossil fuels will fall. | | |
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21.
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Which
of these converts light from the sun into thermal energy and distributes the heat using pumps and
fans? a. | an active solar
system | b. | a passive solar system | c. | a solar
plant | d. | a solar cell | | |
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22.
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Which
of these is an example of a biomass fuel? a. | oil | b. | natural gas | c. | wood | d. | coal | | |
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23.
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In a
nuclear power plant, what is used to change water into steam? a. | the burning of
natural gas | b. | geothermal energy | c. | captured solar
energy | d. | heat released from nuclear fission
reactions | | |
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24.
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In
which section of a nuclear reactor does nuclear fission occur? a. | reactor
vessel | b. | heat exchanger | c. | condenser | d. | cooling tower | | |
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25.
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A
layer of material that helps block the transfer of heat between the air inside and outside a building
is called a. | an active solar
system. | b. | a solar cell. | c. | a heat
exchanger. | d. | insulation. | | |
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26.
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One
example of an energy-efficient device is a(n) a. | fluorescent light bulb. | b. | drafty
window. | c. | incandescent light bulb. | d. | gasoline-powered
car. | | |
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
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27.
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A
fuel is a substance that provides energy as a result of a chemical change.
_________________________
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28.
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Fossil fuels are considered to be nonrenewable because they form at a slower
rate than that at which they are used. _________________________
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29.
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A
turbine that generates electricity when turned by moving water provides solar power.
_________________________
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30.
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The
energy generated by heat from Earth's interior is called geothermal energy.
_________________________
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31.
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The
cadmium in the control rods slows down a nuclear fission reaction by absorbing neutrons.
_________________________
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32.
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Incandescent light bulbs are less efficient than compact fluorescent bulbs.
_________________________
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33.
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Natural gas is more likely than coal or oil to cause air pollution.
_________________________
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34.
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In
the United States, the fossil fuel that is present in the largest amount is natural gas.
_________________________
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35.
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Two
nuclei combine to form one nucleus in nuclear fission. _________________________
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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36.
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The
process of burning gasoline in a car engine to release energy is called
____________________.
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37.
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Fossil fuels are made of energy-rich chemical compounds called
________________________.
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38.
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A
liquid fossil fuel formed from the remains of animals, algae, and protists is
____________________.
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39.
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Wind
and hydroelectric power are both indirect forms of ____________________ energy.
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40.
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Wood,
leaves, and manure belong to a group of renewable energy sources called ____________________
fuels.
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41.
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Taking a bike ride instead of a car ride is practicing energy ____________________,
which helps save fuel for the future.
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42.
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One
way to get more out of fuels is to increase ____________________, the percentage of energy used for
work.
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43.
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Many
calculators contain ____________________ that convert solar energy into electricity.
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44.
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The
intense heat from Earth's interior is called ____________________ energy.
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45.
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The
process of nuclear fission begins when a(n) ____________________ strikes the nucleus of an
atom.
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46.
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If
the fuel rods in a reactor vessel produce too much heat, a condition called a(n) ____________________
may occur.
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Short Answer
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47.
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Which
of the energy sources shown are fossil fuels?
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48.
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Which
two of the named sources shown produce the most air pollution? Which two produce the
least?
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49.
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What
part of the power plant is used to control the speed of the nuclear reaction? How does it
work?
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50.
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What
is the steam in pipe F used for?
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Essay (Extra Credit - Must answer at least 1)
[Provide
answers on back of this sheet (pg 4)]
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51.
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Why
must the United States purchase oil from other countries? What problem can this situation sometimes
cause?
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52.
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Briefly explain how wind energy can be used to generate electricity.
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53.
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How
is hydroelectric power an indirect form of solar energy?
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54.
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Describe what happens in a nuclear fusion reaction. Why have scientists been unable to
control fusion reactions?
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55.
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Give
two examples of ways to conserve energy at home.
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