Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
The
process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another is
called a. | soil
conservation. | b. | deposition. | c. | abrasion. | d. | erosion. | | |
|
|
|
2.
|
The
process in which sediment is laid down in a new location is called a. | weathering. | b. | deposition. | c. | erosion. | d. | mass movement. | | |
|
|
|
3.
|
Landslides, mudflows, slump, and creep are all examples of a. | mechanical
weathering. | b. | runoff. | c. | mass
movement. | d. | soil formation. | | |
|
|
|
4.
|
Water
erosion begins when runoff from rainfall flows in a thin layer over the land in a kind of erosion
called a. | mass
erosion. | b. | sheet erosion. | c. | creep. | d. | gullying. | | |
|
|
|
5.
|
A
stream or river that runs into another stream or river is called a a. | tributary. | b. | meander. | c. | turbulent
stream. | d. | gully. | | |
|
|
|
6.
|
A
river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends called a. | rills. | b. | meanders. | c. | outside
curves. | d. | deltas. | | |
|
|
|
7.
|
Where
a river flows from an area of harder rock to an area of softer rock, the softer rock may wear away,
eventually forming a drop called a(n) a. | oxbow lake. | b. | gully. | c. | waterfall. | d. | delta. | | |
|
|
|
8.
|
A
wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range is
called a(n) a. | divide. | b. | drainage basin. | c. | alluvial
fan. | d. | slump. | | |
|
|
|
9.
|
Deltas are built up by a. | deposition. | b. | leaching. | c. | abrasion. | d. | erosion. | | |
|
|
|
10.
|
How
would a fast-flowing river be most likely to move sand-sized particles of sediment? a. | It would carry
them suspended in the water. | b. | It would dissolve them completely in
solution. | c. | It would push or slide them along the
streambed. | d. | It would deposit them along its
banks. | | |
|
|
|
11.
|
When
a fast-flowing river slows down, what type of sediment would be deposited first? a. | clay | b. | silt | c. | sand | d. | gravel | | |
|
|
|
12.
|
As
more water flows through a river, its speed will a. | stay the same. | b. | increase. | c. | decrease. | d. | reduce friction
between the water and the streambed. | | |
|
|
|
13.
|
Glaciers can only form when a. | there is an ice age. | b. | there is a
U-shaped valley in the mountains. | c. | the amount of snow exceeds the amount of
rain. | d. | more snow falls than melts each year. | | |
|
Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
|
|
|
14.
|
The
process that lays down sediment in a new location is erosion.
_________________________
|
|
|
15.
|
A
large stream that flows across a flood plain is called a gully.
_________________________
|
|
|
16.
|
An
alluvial fan may form where a stream flows out of a narrow mountain valley, slows down, and
deposits sediment. _________________________
|
|
|
17.
|
A
moraine is a cone-shaped deposit of calcite that builds up on the floor of a cave.
_________________________
|
|
|
18.
|
Water
at the top of a slope has potential energy. _________________________
|
|
|
19.
|
As a
river's slope increases, the power of the river to cause erosion usually decreases.
_________________________
|
Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
|
|
|
20.
|
Wind
and water are agents of ____________________ that move sediment from one location to
another.
|
|
|
21.
|
The
force that moves sediment in a landslide or mudflow is ____________________.
|
|
|
22.
|
A
mass movement called ____________________ occurs when sediment suddenly slips downhill in one large
mass.
|
|
|
23.
|
The
major agent of erosion that shapes Earth's land surface is moving ____________________.
|
|
|
24.
|
A
gully forms where ____________________, or tiny grooves in the soil that carry runoff, flow into one
another.
|
|
|
25.
|
Through erosion, rivers form _________________________, which are wide flat areas
covered by water during floods.
|
|
|
26.
|
Sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake is called a(n)
____________________.
|
|
|
27.
|
As
the water in a river moves downstream, the ____________________ energy of the water moves
sediment.
|
|
|
28.
|
A
river's ____________________ is the volume of water that moves past a given point on the river in a
given time.
|
|
|
29.
|
Boulders can become smaller as they are moved down a stream bed. This is an example of
the process of ____________________, the wearing away of rock by grinding action.
|
|
|
30.
|
The
main ways sediment enters a river are mass movement and ____________________.
|
|
|
31.
|
Ocean
waves contain energy that is transferred to them by ____________________ moving across the
surface.
|
Short Answer
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.
|
What
is feature A, and how does it form?
|
|
|
33.
|
What
is stream B in relation to the river into which it flows?
|
|
|
34.
|
What
feature does the dashed line C indicate? Name and define the area enclosed by the dashed
line.
|
|
|
35.
|
What
is feature D, and how does it form?
|
|
|
36.
|
What
is feature E, and how does it form?
|
|
|
37.
|
What
is feature F, and how does it form?
|
Essay (Extra Credit #41 & 42)
|
|
|
38.
|
Two
property owners flatten the steep slope of their yards and plant more grass and shrubs. Describe two
ways in which these changes will affect runoff and erosion in the yards.
|
|
|
39.
|
Compare and contrast the features of a river near its source and far down along its
course.
|
|
|
40.
|
Explain what is meant by a river's load, and describe how the load is
carried.
|
|
|
41.
|
Explain how water erosion by groundwater can form a cave.
|
|
|
42.
|
Describe the role played by a continental glacier in forming the Great
Lakes.
|