| A | B |
|---|
| How lont did people think the Civil War was going to last? | 90 days |
| What did the Confederates call their flag? | The Stars and Bars |
| The Civil War went from what year to what year? | 1861-1865 |
| Southern states that did not join the Confederacy and stayed with the Union were called _____ states | border |
| Rule by the army instead of the elected government is called _____________. | Marshall law |
| What were some of the strengths of teh South? | They had to fight a defensive war, had a short line of supply, believed they were fighting for independence, had sharp shooting skills, had many of the best generals |
| What were some of the weaknesses of the South? | Few factories to produce weapons, had a loose union rather than a strict government, small population, 1/3 of the population was African American, few railroads |
| What were some of the advantages of the North? | Had a larger population, lots of rail lines, strong industries, strong navy |
| What were some of the disadvantages for the North? | They had to conquer a huge area to bring the South back intot he Union, long line of supply, lacked military generals |
| Who served as President of the Confederacy? | Jefferson Davis |
| Who led the Confederate troops? | Robert E. Lee- He turned Lincoln down to lead the Northern troops |
| What was the Union's plan for winning the war? | Use a navy blockade, seize the capital, seize the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two. |
| What was the capital of the Confederacy? | Richmond, Virginia |
| What was the Confederate plan for a victory? | Fight a defensive war until the NOrth would give up, counted on European money and supplies to fight the war. |
| What head line did the New York Tribune print on its front page every day for a month? | Forward to Richmond |
| What did the New York Tribune headline Forward to Richmond mean? | popular opinion wanted a quick end to the War. |
| When Lincoln's troops did lwave Washington and marched towards Richmond, where did they meet the South? | Bull Run |
| How could General George McClellan be described? | cautious- Lincoln said, "If he is not going to use the army, I should like to borrow it" |
| What color uniforms did the Confederates wear? | grey |
| Southern ships who were able to get through the North's blockade at the beginning of the War were called __________. | blockade runners |
| What two famous ironclad fought during the Civil War? | Merrimack and the Monitor |
| This was a daylong battle wher Lee invaded the North, his battle plans had fell into Union hands, but McClellan was slow to react, and both sides suffered huge losses. | Antietam |
| Why did Lincoln fire McClellan after Antietam? | He did not follow whe Lee retreated and many people think he could have ended the Civil War right there if he had followed them. |
| Who was chosen to replace McClellan? | General Ambrose Burnside |
| In the beginning, what was the Civil War fought for? | to restore the Union |
| Why did Lincoln have to be cautious in his planning? | He did not want to upset the four border states that were still with the Union. |
| What announcement did Lincoln make after Antietam? | the Emancipation Proclamation |
| What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? | it freed all slaves in territories that were in Confederate hands |
| What effect did the Emancipation Proclamation have? | It did not free any slaves, but the purpose of teh war changed. |
| Describe life as an African American soldier in the Union army. | Served in all black units and were commanded by white officers, received half the pay of white soldiers, at first the pery performed on noncombat duties. |
| People who did not serve in the army were called ___. | Civilians |
| What was life like for a soldier? | Most were under 21, marched for long hours and slept in rain and snow, more injuries due to cone shaped bullets, had cannons, 1/4 or more died in every battle, wounds became infected, cut off arms and legs |
| In what army prison camp in Georgia did more than one out of three Union soldiers die from disease or starvation? | Andersonville |
| Notherners who opposed using force to keept he South in the Union were called _____________. | Copperheads |
| What problems did the NOrth face in the middle of the War? | public support dwindled, passed a controversial draft law, draft laws led to riots in the cities |
| Where did the worst city riot take place? | New York City- 74 people were killed |
| The is the right to have charges filed or a hearing take place before being jailed. | Habeas Corpus |
| What did Lincoln do with the writ of habeas corpus? | suspended it |
| What problems were the Confederacy having during the middle fo the Civil War? | States refused to pay taxes to the Confederacy, also passed a draft law, urged enslaved African Americans to serve in the war |
| How was the Northern econmy affected by the War? | helped to spur the industries, they established the nation's first income tax, issued war bonds, printed paper money which led to high inflation, profiteers benefitted |
| How did the war affect the South's economy? | Brought economic ruin, loss coton trade and had severe shortages due tot he blockade, had an income tax, printed too much money, widespread famine in the South |
| What contributions did women make during the War? | Helped supply the troops with bedding, food, and medicines, held fundraisers for the war effort, some swerved as soldiers and fought, served as nurses. |
| Who erarned fame as a Civil War nurse and later formed the Red Cross? | Clara Barton |
| This battle ws fought in order for the North to take control of the Mississippi and split the Confederacy? | Vicksburg |
| A military blockade of an enemy town or position in order to force it to surrender. | Seige |
| Who won the Battle at Gettysburg? | the Union |
| What is the Gettysburg Address? | The speech given by Lincoln at the dedication of the cemetary where he reminded people of American ideals and that our country was founded on teh belief that all men are created equal. |
| Who ws finally the General that Lincoln was looking for and could lead the Union to victory? | Ulysses S. Grant |
| What is total war? | Where civilians as well as soldiers are affected and they destroy all food and equipment that may be helpful to the enemy |
| Who led the march to the sea in Georgia? | General Tecumseh Sherman |
| Who did General Grant send to the rich fields of Virginia's Shenandoah Valley? | General Sheridan |
| Who was the Democratic candidate who ran against Lincoln in the Presidential election of 1864? | General McClellan |
| Why is it ironic that General McClellan would run as the Democratic candidate in the Election of 1864? | Democrats were strong in the Sotuh and McClellan had served as a Union General |
| What was important about Lincoln's inaugural address in 1864? | He states he would not be harsh on the South if they came back into the Union- "with malice towards none and charity for all" |
| Who surrendered to who at the end of the Civil War and where did it take place? | General Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomatox Courthouse, Virginia |
| What were some of the terms of Lee's surrender? | Soldiers were required to turn over their rifles, but officers could keep their pistols, they wer also allowed to keep their horses because they would be needed for spring plowing. |
| What were some of teh effects of the Civil War? | Many lost lives, more than any other war, South lost their struggle for independence, Union armies destroyed much of the South, Southerners freared revenge from the North, South's way of life had been changed, it was a major turning point in American history, the power of the federal government grew and it brought freedom for millions of African Americans, a long and difficult struggle for equality lay ahead. |
