| A | B |
| barter | The exchange of good and services |
| descendant | Person born later to the same family |
| slavery | The practice of one person owning another person |
| monotheism | Worship of one god |
| covenant | Agreement |
| conquest | Defeat of another group |
| dynasty | Ruling family of an empire |
| empire | Large territory of many places under one ruler |
| conquer | To defeat |
| cuneiform | Wedge shaped writing in clay |
| scribe | Professional writer |
| polytheism | Worship of many gods |
| society | Formed by establishing rules and traditions in an organized community |
| ziggurat | Huge pyramid shaped structure |
| artisan | A craftsperson |
| region | Area with common physical features |
| city-state | A city that is it's own individual unit-has it's own government |
| irrigation | Method of watering crops |
| plateau | Area of high flat land |
| plain | Area of flat land |
| fertile | Rich soil good for growing crops |
| civilization | Group of people in a complex organized society |