| A | B |
|---|
| Weather | short-term characteristics of the atmosphere |
| Climate takes into account | long-term characteristics of the atmosphere |
| We classify climates in order to | identify patterns that exist |
| Tropical climates | all monthly mean temperatures over 18 deg. C. |
| B Climates are classified by | precipitation distribution |
| C Climates Mean temperature | of coldest months 18 deg. down to -3 deg. C. |
| D Climates warmest month mean | under 10 deg. C |
| D Climates coldest month mean | under -3 deg. C. |
| E Ice climates warmest month | mean under 10 deg. C. |
| Tropical Climates are usually found | within 15 deg. of the Equator |
| Cold ocean currents are a factor | causing desert climates |
| Rainshadow areas also account | for desert climates on the leeward side of mountains. |
| Mediterranean Climates typically | have warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters |
| Marine subarctic climates are | noted for wet, windy conditions. |
| Great differences over short distances | are characteristic of highland climates |
| Temperatures and evaporation | usually decrease as latitude increases |
| Albedo and cloud cover have | significant effects on net solar radiation |
| Winds always blow from zones of | high pressure into zones of low pressure |
| Differences in atmospheric pressure | are called the pressure gradient |
| Coriolis force air movements are deflected | to the right in the northern hemisphere |
| At 30 deg. N and 30 deg. S | are regions of high pressure called subtropical highs |
| The thermal equator ranges from | 12 deg. N to 8 deg. S of the actual equator |
| Ocean currents are driven by | temperature differences and by the wind |
| warm convection currents cause heat to be | distributed upwards. |
| Warm convection currents are | referred to as sensible heat flux |
| The dry adiabatic rate is | 10 deg. C. /1000 m |
| The wet adiabatic rate is | 3 deg. C. /1000 m |
| Adiabatic lapse rates are associated | with air that is either rising or falling |
| The environmental lapse rate | refers to temperature decreases in stationary air |
| The Chinook and the Fohn are | dry, warm winds |
