| A | B |
|---|
| During respiration, what is glucose used for? | To produce ATP in order to power cellular processes. |
| What is the primary light-gathering pigment in plants? | chlorophyll |
| What do you call the plant colorings, other than chlorophyll, that help the cells to trap light? | accessory pigments (ex. Xanthophyll, Carotenoids) |
| In what part of photosynthesis is water split and oxygen released? | The light reaction. |
| What is the energy from ATP and NADPH used for in the Calvin Cycle? | To fix carbon dioxide to glucose |
| What environmental cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration as a major process? | The carbon-hydrogen-oxygen cycle |
| What purpose does oxygen serve in respiration? | It is the final electron acceptor on the electron transport chain. |
| What is the maximum number of ATP generated in aerobic respiration? | 36 |
| What is the source of oxygen released by plants in photosynthesis? | The splitting of a molecule of water. |
| In what cellular organelle does respiration occur? | mitochondria |
| In what cellular organelle does photosynthesis occur? | chloroplast |
| In what cellular organelle does glycolysis occur? | cytoplasm |
| Aside from oxygen, what else is produced by the light reaction of photosynthesis? | ATP and NADPH |
| What does the word photosynthesis mean? | using light to make something new |
| What are the end products of photosynthesis? | oxygen and sugar |
| What are the reactants for photosynthesis? | carbon dioxide and water |
| Where is the energy used in photosynthesis obtained? | from sunlight |
| In which part of the leaf does photosynthesis primarily occur? | Chloroplasts, found mostly in the mesophyll (palisade layer). |
| What type of cell controls the size of a stomate in a leaf? | the guard cells |
| What is the function of chlorophyll? | To trap sunlight |
| What part of the visible spectrum is not absorbed by chlorophyll? | green wavelengths |
| What are the tiny disk-like structures in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll? | Thylakoids |
| What three substances must be supplied to the Calvin Cycle? | ATP, NADPH + H+, Carbon Dioxide |
| What is the main source of energy for cells? | ATP |
| How many ATP are produced by glycolysis? | 2 |
| What is the step of aerobic respiration that follows the Krebs cycle? | Electron Transport Chain |
| What is another name for the Krebs cycle? | Citric Acid Cycle |
| What are the raw materials for cellular respiration? | oxygen and glucose |
| The type of respiration that causes muscle soreness is called what? | lactic acid fermentation |
| How many ATP are produced by fermentation? | none |
| In what step of respiration is glucose split into PGAL and then pyruvate?? | glycolysis |
| When glucose is broken down in an environment that lacks oxygen, what process is occurring? | aerobic respiration |
| Why would human muscle cells contain many more mitochondria than skin cells? | muscles typically need more energy than skin cells and mitochondria are the organelles where energy is produced. |
