| A | B |
|---|
| Products have more energy than the reactants | result of a chemical reaction that absorbs energy |
| Products have less energy than that of the reactants | result of a chemical reaction that releases energy |
| activation energy | energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
| enzyme | proteins that can speed up chemical reactions |
| catalyst | general name for a chemical that can make a reaction go faster |
| metabolism | chemical reactions in an organism |
| substrate | a molecule that an enzyme changes |
| active site | the fold, area on an enzyme that the substrate attaches |
| heat, acidity, concentration | factors that affect an enzyme's activity |
| ATP | energy storage molecule |
| ADP and phosphate group | result the release of energy from ATP |
| growth, repair, transport | activities that require energy |
| phosphate bond | location of where energy is stored in ATP |
| plants use the sun's energy to do this | produce carbohydrates |
| carbohydrates from plants provide other organisms with this | energy |
| molecule excited by light | chlorphyll |
| Role of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis | power stage 3, the building of carbohydrates in the Calvin Cycle |
| Carbon dioxide and water | the reactants needed in photosynthesis to make carbohydrates |
| electrons | particles passed from one molecule to another in order to transfer energy |
| carbohydrates (glucose) and oxygen | major product of photosynthesis |
| water | supplies the replacement electrons in photosynthesis |
| C, H, O, N, P | elements involved in photosynthesis |
| what molecule enters the Krebs cycle that will end up in sugar | carbon dioxide |
| Where does the Hydrogen come from that ends up in sugar? | water splitting |
| glycolyis | the 1st stage in cellular respiration |
| products of cellular respiration | water, carbon dioxide, and ATP |
| mitochondria | organelle where oxidative respiration takes place |
| chloroplast | organelle where photosynthesis takes place |
| result of glycolysis | glucose split into pyruvic acid |
| amount of energy gained in glycolysis | 2 ATP molecules |
| breakdown of organic compounds in the absence of oxygen | fermentation |
| ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide | end products of fermentation by yeast |
| lactic acid | the end products of fermentation by humans |
| feedback inhibition | controls the rate of metabolism in organisms |
| oxidative respiration | stage of respiration that generates the MOST ATP |
| Krebs Cycle | pyruvic acid enters this stage of cellular respiration to generate more ATP |
| NADH | molecule used to transfer electrons to the electron transport chain |
| reason we don't burn up from releasing energy from glucose | energy is released in small packets |
| number of ATP produced iin oxidative respiration | 36 ATP molecules |
| purpose of cellular respiration | provide energy to the cell using the energy stored in glucose |
