| A | B |
| famine | shortage of food |
| primary source | journal, letter, autobiography |
| chronological | in time order, like a timeline |
| interdependence | countries depending on each other |
| proletariat | working class |
| nationalism | pride and loyalty to country |
| suffrage | right to vote |
| imperialism | one country colonizes a weaker country |
| "blood & iron" | Otto von Bismarck |
| White Man's Burden | used to justify imperialism |
| "fraternity, liberty & equality" | slogan of French Revolution |
| Commodore Perry | opened Japan to trade with west |
| Boxer Rebellion | Chinese reaction to European imperialism |
| guillotine | used during the Reign of Terror |
| laissez-faire economics | government does not interfere in a free market |
| urbanization | growth of cities |
| commerce | business |
| agriculture | farming |
| rivalry | competition |
| productivity | how much is produced |
| self-determination | each country decides for itself what kind of government it wants |
| perspective | point of view |
| benefits | helps |
| exploited | taken advantage of |