| A | B |
|---|
| nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acids |
| purines | nitrogen bases with two rings |
| pyrimidines | nitrogen bases with one ring |
| deoxyribose | sugar found in DNA |
| Double helix | shape of DNA |
| chromatin | DNA tightlycoiled around proteins |
| semi-conservative | DNA replication where each new strand consists of one old and one new strand |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that jons new nucleotides together during DNA replication |
| ribose | sugar found in RNA |
| RNA | nucleic acid that contains ribose |
| mRNA | messenger RNA, carries code from DNA |
| tRNA | transfer RNA, brings amino acids in during translation |
| rRNA | ribosomal RNA, holds everything together during translation |
| promoter | found on the DNA, tells the RNA polymerase where to begin transcription |
| codon | group of three bases on the mRNA that code for specific amino acids |
| transcription | copying part of a DNA sequence into RNA |
| translation | decoding mRNA into a chain of amino acids |
| amino acid | monomer of a protein |
| point mutatin | gene mutation involving one nucleotide |
| frameshift mutation | gene mutation the changes the reading frame |
