| A | B |
|---|
| The Declaration of Independence’s “list of grievances” included | colonists being taxed without their consent. |
| Which of the following made the greatest contribution to the American victory at Yorktown? | France |
| Who was the Prussian who trained the Continental Army at Valley Forge? | Frederick Von Steuben |
| Supported the rule of the colonies by King George III | Loyalists |
| As part of the triangular trade/ enslaved people experienced a brutal voyage known as the | Middle Passage. |
| Describes an organized body of armed volunteers. | Militia |
| Who negotiated the Treaty of Paris? | Ben Franklin |
| What early American Revolution battle killed over 1000 soldiers and demonstated that Patriots could fight bravely/ but the British would not be easy to defeat? | Bunker Hill |
| Which of the following phrases from the Declaration of Independence emphasizes the importance of natural rights? | “We hold these truths to be self-evident/ that all men are created equal . . .” |
| The main reason Puritans settled in Massachusetts Bay was to | have religious freedom |
| What term best describes those who supported the removal of King George III from the colonies? | Patriots |
| What was Baron de Montesquieu’s main contribution to our ideas about government? | separation of powers |
| “The shot heard ‘round the world” was fired at | Lexington Commons in 1775 |
| One who betrays their country | Traitor |
| After the French and Indian War | the British began to tax the colonies to pay for the war. |
| Many standard contracts of an indentured servant failed to mention the servant’s wages. Why? | Indentured servants did not get paid any wages. |
| The Declaration of Independence contains | All the answers are true. |
| The Proclamation of 1763 declared that | colonial settlers must not cross the Appalachians. |
| Whose libel trial in 1735 helped establish freedom of the press? | Peter Zenger |
| What started the French and Indian War? | British settlers pushed west into French and Native American lands. |
| In colonial times/ what was the most likely way for a young man to learn the skills needed for his chosen job? | by becoming an apprentice |
| The Boston Massacre/ carried out by the Sons of Liberty/ led the king to | close the port of Boston |
| Author of “Common Sense” | Thomas Paine |
| Who wrote Poor Richard’s Almanack? | Benjamin Franklin |
| What term best describes an advanced culture? | Civilization |
| The American Revolution soon inspired revolutionary movements in | France and Latin America. |
| John Locke/ the Enlightenment writer/ argued that | people have natural rights |
| The Columbian Exchange involved the transfer of all of the following except | land |
| Why was the Battle of Saratoga important? | It lifted Patriot spirits and showed France that Americans could win. |
| England asserted its authority by passing the Intolerable Acts/ how did many colonists respond ? | All the answers are true. |
| What was the Great Awakening? | a Christian revival that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s |
| Which of the following was a factor in the growth of southern slavery? | organization of the plantation system |
| The Mayflower Compact was a statement that the government created by the Puritans was to rule based on the will of the | people |
| Who was the commander of the Continental Army? | George Washington |
| Under the system of mercantilism/ Europeans acquired colonies in order to | make money for the home country |
| Suffrage is | the right to vote. |
| Idea that government should not interfere with the economy. | laissez-faire |
| Thomas Jefferson was uncertain about purchasing the Louisiana Territory because | he might not have the constitutional power to buy land from another country. |
| As President/ Andrew Jackson used his power to | encourage poor people to participate in government |
| Which of the following was a result of the War of 1812? | Americans felt a new sense of national pride. |
| Act of illegally importing or exporting goods. | smuggling |
| A government order that forbids foreign trade. | embargo |
| Native American who helped survey the Louisiana Purchase | Sacajawea |
| Someone from another country. | Alien |
| What term describes the disagreement with France over interference with American ships that was solved by President Adams diplomacy? | XYZ Affair |
| According to the Republicans/ what did the Sedition Act violate? | the First Amendment |
| Which of the following is an example of judicial review? | The Supreme Court rules that a new law violates the Constitution. |
| Shutting a port to prevent shipping of resources. | blockade |
| After Jackson’s election to the presidency in 1828/ why did his supporters call him “the People’s President”? | More people were involved in the voting process. |
| Which Supreme Court decision ruled that states cannot pass laws that violates federal law? | McCulloch v. Maryland |
| From which foreign nation did the United States purchase Louisiana? | France |
| Washington’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion | demonstrated the strength of the national government. |
| The Embargo Act of 1807 was repealed in 1809 because it | upset New England merchants |
| Which country refused to make tribute payments to the Barbary states? | United States |
| Which of the following resulted from the Lewis and Clark expedition? | All the answers are true. |
| Rewarding political supporters by giving them government jobs. | spoils system |
| In his Farewell Address/ George Washington advised against becoming involved in European affairs because | he did not want the United States to be dragged into war. |
| The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court that decided the case of Marbury v. Madison was | John Marshall |
| Who fought at the Battle of Tippeconoe? | William Henry Harrison |
| This group wanted a strong national government | Federalists |
| Not favoring either side in a dispute | Neutral |
| The Nullification Crisis threatened to | break up the United states |
| General that fought at the Battle of New Orleans | Andrew Jackson |
| Which of the following warned European nations to stay out of Latin American affairs? | the Monroe Doctrine |
| The forced movement of the Cherokee tribe from Georgia to Oklahoma was known as | The Trail of Tears |
| Who encouraged people to live simply and rely on themselves in the book Walden? | Henry David Thoreau |
| Who emphasized the power of nature and emotions over rational thought? | transcendentalists |
| Who became known as the great compromiser for his work on the Missouri Compromise and other efforts to avoid a fight over slavery? | Henry Clay |
| Movement to gain the right to vote. | suffrage |
| Fulton’s steamboat would most change the lives of people near a | navigable river |
| Which of the following opinions would a nativist be most likely to express? | “America should be controlled by white Protestants born in the United States. |
| Irish immigrants often met with more hostility than other immigrants because they | were members of the Roman Catholic church. |
| Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s? | Settlers wanted more representation in the Mexican legislature. |
| According to Manifest Destiny/ most Americans thought the United States should expand to the Pacific Ocean because | They believed it was their right to possess this land. |
| Led a slave revolt in 1831. | Nat Turner |
| Who did reform work based on the belief that public education is essential to democracy? | Horace Mann |
| A champion of pushing west with new settlements. | Daniel Boone |
| Movement to end slavery. | abolitionism |
| The 49ers moved to California seeking | gold |
| The “peculiar institution” describes | slavery |
| Creator of the Cherokee written alphabet. | Sequoyah |
| Movement to eliminate alcohol consumption. | temperance |
| In general/ how did the Industrial Revolution affect children in the United States? | They worked for long hours in factories for low wages. |
| To add on or take over land | annex |
| Movement of large numbers of people from the country to cities. | urbanization |
| Abolitionist publisher of The Liberator. | William Lloyd Garrison |
| On what document is the Declaration of Sentiments modeled? | the Declaration of Independence |
| Underground railroad conductor | Harriet Tubman |
| John Jacob Astor made his fortune by employing “mountain men” of the Oregon Territory to | trap. |
| In 1821/ Mexico was granted independence from | Spain |
| How was Texas admitted to the United States? | Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty. |
| United States President during the Mexican-American War. | James K. Polk |
| Method of Production that brings workers and machinery together. | Factory System |
| A movement that viewed religion as a key element in the improvement of individuals and society. | 2nd Great Awakening |
| Arrested for voting in 1872. | Susan B. Anthony |
| Small groups of frontier residents who punished those thought to have committed crimes were known as | vigilantes |
| President of Independent Republic of Texas. | Sam Houston |
| Missionary settlements in the southwest were established by people from | Spain |
| Encouraged the improvement of prisons and the treatment of mental illness. | Dorthea Dix |
| The primary purpose of slave codes was to | control every aspect of an enslaved person’s life. |
| The workers at Lowell/ Massachusetts were mostly | women. |
| Which was a reason that people moved to the frontier? | All the answers are true. |
| Before the railroads were built/ most settlers journeyed to the frontier by | trail |
| A huge outdoor religious meeting. | revival |
| Under the leadership of Brigham Young in 1846/ Mormons settled in the the state today known as | Utah |
| Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments and helped organized Seneca Falls Convention. | Elizabeth Stanton |
| Military leader who fought for California’s independence from Mexico | John C. Fremont |
| Songs that blend biblical themes and slavery. | spirituals |
| Californios/ a group of residents who lost much of their influence and land when California joined the United States/ were from | Mexico |
| Which of the following was a result of the invention of the cotton gin? | Cotton production increased the need for more slaves. |
| Which of the following statements is closest to Thoreau’s ideas about Civil Disobedience? | “Trust thyself.” |
| The manufacturing of large numbers of identical products quickly and cheaply. | Mass Production |
| During the 1800s/ the belief that people could improve themselves and society | led to a wave of reform movements and the establishment of utopian communities. |
| Born a slave and became a confidante of Lincoln. | Frederick Douglass |
| Widespread replacement of hand tools by machines in a society. | Industrial Revolution |
| The Seneca Falls Convention demanded that women be allowed to vote/ a right eventually guaranteed by the | 19th Amendment |
| How did the South react to Abraham Lincoln’s election as President in 1860? | Seven Southern states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America. |
| Why did the admission of California alarm Southerners? | It upset the balance between free and slave states in the Senate. |
| President who was impeached in 1868/ but not convicted by the U.S. Senate. | Andrew Johnson |
| The Ku Klux Klan was created because | some whites who were angry about losing power resorted to violence. |
| Which amendment guaranteed equal protection of the laws? | the Fourteenth Amendment |
| The Monitor and Merrimac/ which changed the nature of naval warfare/ were | ironclads |
| What term describes people who farm land they do not own? | sharecropper |
| 1st African-American U.S. Senator. | Hiram Revels |
| Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation followed what union victory? | Antietam |
| Which of the following was a point made in the Dred Scott decision? | Slaves were property/ even if they lived in a free territory. |
| Which of these limited the rights of African-Americans? | All the answers are true. |
| Senator beaten in Congress over slavery debate. | Charles Sumner |
| The deal that resulted in the election of Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876 by the House of Representatives also involved | ending Reconstruction |
| John Brown and his sons clashed with supporters of slavery in what plains state? | Kansas |
| In the Lincoln-Douglas debates/ Republican Abraham Lincoln/ | insisted that the territories be kept free from slavery. |
| Guarantees the right of citizens to vote without regard to race/ color or previous conditions of servitude | 15th amendment |
| What was Radical Reconstruction? | Congressional Republicans’ plan to rebuild the south. |
| Why did Lincoln support the Ten-Percent Plan for Reconstruction? | He wanted to make it easy and quick for southern states to rejoin the Union. |
| Who assinated President Lincoln? | John Wilkes Booth |
| At the end of the Civil War/ where did Lee surrender to Grant? | Appomattox |
| Which part of the Compromise of 1850 was most likely demanded by southern members of Congress? | the Fugitive Slave Act |
| Why did John Brown mount his raid on the U.S. Fort at Harper’s Ferry? | to raise an army of African Americans and lead them in a revolt |
| Writer of the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin/ which provided abolitionists with a highly effective propaganda tool to spread their message in the North. | Harriet Beecher Stowe |
| During the Civil War/ the federal government taxed what for the first time? | income |
| Which of the following actions/ supported by President Lincoln/ most affected the rights of Union citizens during the Civil War? | suspending habeas corpus |
| Which of the following played a major role in the segregation of African Americans and the loss of their full civil rights? | the concept of “separate/ but equal” |
| Southerners attacked Fort Sumter because they believed that | war was inevitable/ so it was better to start it on their own terms. |
| Grant’s victory that divided the south along the Mississippi River. | Vicksburg |
| Civil War nurse who helped set up the American Red Cross. | Clara Barton |
| The term casualties refers to | dead and wounded |
| After the first battle at Bull Run | the North and the South realized that the war would be a long/ hard struggle. |
| What was the name given by southerners to northerners who went south to start businesses during Reconstruction? | carpetbaggers |
| Site where Lee invaded the North and Lincoln delivered a famous message about the purpose of the war. | Gettysburg |
| What Supreme Court case established the doctrine of “separate but equal?” | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| Who was the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court whose written opinion for the court denied Dred Scott had any legal rights? | Roger B. Taney |
| Which amendment bans slavery/ except as a punishment for convicted criminals. | the Thirteenth Amendment |
| Which of the following statements is true about the effect of the Civil War? | Inflation rose in both the North and the South. |
| Who was the Confederate hero at the First Battle of Bull Run? | Stonewall Jackson |
| Stephen Dougles’ popular sovereignty compromise included in the Kansas Nebraska Act left the decision over slavery up to | the people of the territories |
| What was the first duty of the Freedmen’s Bureau? | to provide emergency relief to people displaced by the Civil War |
| Mexican Cowboys | Vaqueros |
| With which of the following statements would a nativist agree? | “Immigrants steal jobs from people who were born in this country.” |
| Which of the following was not developed to help farmers push for higher prices and economic reform? | Dawes Act. |
| African-Americans who helped force Native Americans onto reservations. | Buffalo Soldiers |
| One of the goals of the Dawes Act was to | provide Native Americans with land to farm |
| How did the federal government help with the construction of railroads? | It gave railroad companies land subsides in the West. |
| Individuals who establish a business. | entrepreneurs |
| The Battle of Wounded Knee | was the last of the Indian wars. |
| Thomas Edison’s research laboratory in Menlo Park/ New Jersey/ was called an “invention factory” because it | created hundreds of inventions/ such as the light bulb and the phonograph. |
| Tenements provided poor immigrants in a ghetto with | housing |
| Chief Joseph resisted the United States government policy of | moving Native Americans onto reservations. |
| Combination of multiple companies. | trust |
| A settlement house/ such as Hull House in Chicago/ was a place where | services were offered to poor immigrants. |
| General George Armstrong Custer and all of his cavalry troops were killed at the Battle of | Little Bighorn |
| Protects the ideas of an inventor. | patent |
| In “A Century of Dishonor”/ Helen Hunt Jackson wrote of the mistreatment of | Native Americans |
| What did Native Americans hope to gain in return for agreeing to stay on reservations? | the right to be undisturbed on their land |
| The Comstock Lode and resulting boomtowns in Nevada were a result of the discovery of what? | silver |
| In order to assimilate/ immigrants must | blend in with the new culture |
| Who was both a ruthless steel magnate and generous philanthropist based on his Gospel of Wealth? | Andrew Carnegie |
| John D. Rockefeller would MOST likely agree with which of the following? | Competition in the marketplace is costly for business owners. |
| African-American farmers in the west. | Exodusters |
| What provides legal protection and rights for a business and investors? | corporation |
| What animal provided Native American tribes on the plains with multiple resources? | buffalo |
| The transcontinental railroad | led settlers West. |
| Illegal settlers of Oklahoma. | Sooners |
| The Homestead Act encouraged people to move West because it | offered free land to those willing to farm it. |
| The cattle industry in the West did not grow rapidly until | railroads made it possible for ranchers to drive cattle to Chicago for shipping to eastern markets. |
| In a free enterprise system | governments try not to affect prices. |
