| A | B |
|---|
| Procedure where whole blood is removed from body & desired component(s), (e.g. plasma or platelets) are retained & the remainder of blood is returned to donor: | apheresis |
| Profession in which application of engineering design is used to develop new medical technologies: | bioengineering |
| Any material, natural or man-made, that comprises whole or part of a living structure or biomedical device which performs, augments, or replaces a natural function; must be compatible with body so that body doesn't reject it (ex. pacemakers, stents, etc.) | biomaterials |
| Scientific study of forces & the effects of those forces on & within human body: | biomechanics |
| Advanced imaging technologies to capture, store, analyze & display images at the organ, tissue, cellular, & molecular level (imaging technology might include: CT, MRI, ultrasonography, molecular imaging, and scanning microscopies). | biomedical imaging |
| Device that detects, records, & transmits information regarding a physiological change or process; device can also use biological materials to monitor presence of various chemicals in a substance. | biosensors |
| Application of engineering principles to fields of biology & medicine, as in development of aids or replacements for defective or missing body organs. | biosystems engineering |
| Use of living systems to make or improve new products; frequently targeted toward improving human health. | biotechnology |
| Transfusion of healthy bone marrow previously harvested from the patient (autologous) or from a donor (allograft) after patient's own bone marrow has been wiped out by high dose chemotherapy. | BMT |
| Acronym for cancer; any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal & uncontrolled cell division. | CA (ca) |
| A stroke; occurs when artery to brain is diminished or blocked. | Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) |
| Use of chemical substances to treat disease. In its modern-day use, it refers primarily to drugs used to treat cancer. | chemotherapy |
| Type of research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people. These studies test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. | clinical trials |
| Any infectious disease that can be communicated from one person to another. | communicable disease |
| An individual whose tissue is immunologically similar (well-matched) with that of recipient. | compatible donor |
| Use of computers to analyze large biological data. | computational bioengineering |
| Another name for high-income countries; countries with a high level of per capita income, industrialization, & modernization. | developed countries |
| Another name for low-income countries or middle-income countries; a countries that are poor & whose citizens are mostly agricultural workers but that want to become more advanced socially & economically. | developing countries |
| The use of medical technology for identifying the nature and status of a disease or condition. | diagnostic technology |
| A condition in which movement of food through digestive system is faster than normal; can lead to dehydration which is very serious in small infants and young children. | diarrheal diseases |
| The means by which drugs are administered, including oral (pills), injection, topical gels, nasal sprays, or inhaled formulations. | drug delivery |
| Term used to express extent to which a technology works under routine, real world circumstances; studied in heterogeneous populations by ordinary practitioners. | effectiveness of treatment |
| Capacity to produce a desired treatment effect under ideal, controlled conditions; studied in homogeneous populations by expert practitioners. | efficacy of treatment |
| Large, muscular tube that extends from mouth to anus | gastrointestinal (GI) tract |
| HDCT | High Dose Chemotherapy |
| Blood forming stem cells capable of producing all components of blood & marrow. | hematopoietic stem cells |
| Immunological similarity which tells how well patient & donor are matched. | histocompatibility |
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is caused by a: | retro-virus |
| Retro-virus that is a collection of symptoms & opportunistic infections resulting from specific damage to immune system. | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) |
| Body’s natural defense system composed of lymph fluid, lymph nodes, lymphatic system, and white blood cells that are responsible for protecting the body against potentially pathogenic organisms or substances. | immune system |
| The rate at which disease or injury occurs in a population during a specific time period. | incidence rate |
| A general term describing public utilities and facilities such as roads, bridges, sewers, water lines, power plants, etc. | infrastructure |
| A condition caused by a decrease in blood flow to the heart. This decrease is usually the result of narrowed coronary arteries, which impede the blood flow. | ischemic heart disease |
| A type of cancer in which white blood cells displace normal blood; leads to infection, shortage of red blood cells (anemia), and bleeding. | leukemia |
| The fluid present within the lymphatic system. It is mostly composed of excess fluid taken away from tissues and is similar in composition to blood but with no red blood cells, and many lymphocytes. | lymph |
| Infectious disease caused by parasite and spread by mosquito. Symptoms include anemia, shortness of breath, fever, chills, nausea, flu-like illness, and in severe cases, coma and death; widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. | malaria |
| A low-dose x-ray are used to image the internal structure of the breasts and any benign or malignant lesions. | mammography |
| The use of novel technologies to develop new drugs, biologics, or medical devices designed to diagnose, treat or prevent disease. | medical Technology |
| A term used to indicate the spread of cancer in body from site of origin to other body tissues. | metastasize |
| The manufacturing of molecules; sometimes called generically "nanotechnology", in reference to the nanometer scale at which its basic processes must operate. | molecular & cellular engineering |
| A clear yellowish fluid portion of blood, lymph, or intramuscular fluid in which cells are suspended. | plasma |
| Colorless cells (lack nuclei) whose main function is to control bleeding; essential to normal blood clotting. | platelets (PLTs) |
| Clinical trials in which the participants are assigned randomly (by chance alone) to different treatments. | randomized clinical trials |
| Cells which appear as biconcave disks, lack nuclei and comprise the largest number of cells of the formed elements of whole blood; transport oxygen to body cells and remove carbon dioxide; contain iron in the hemoglobin. | Red Blood Cells (RBC); erythrocytes |
| Tests used to try to detect a disease before there is evidence of disease. | screening Tests |
| The immature cells in the blood and bone marrow from which all mature blood cells develop; "starter cells": | stem cells |
| Tissue that is rich in stem cells: | bone marrow |
| The use of medical technology for treating diseases or conditions. | therapeutic technology |
| The use of engineering to regenerate natural tissues & create new tissues using biological cells and three dimensional scaffolds. | tissue engineering & regenerative medicine |
| A disease spread through the air by bacteria, affecting mammals (including humans). It usually attacks the lungs, and coughing spreads the bacteria | tuberculosis (TB) |
| Eight goals drawn up and adopted by the United Nations in 2000 to be achieved by 2015, which respond to the world’s main development challenges. | UN Millennium Development Goals |
| Cells which contain nuclei and comprise the smaller number of cells of the formed elements of whole blood; protective cells in the bloodstream; attack pathogens by squeezing through capillary walls to reach the area of infection. | White Blood Cells (WBC); leukocytes |
| An organization of the United Nations concerned with worldwide public health. | World Health Organization (WHO) |
