| A | B |
|---|
| elevation | height above sea level |
| profile | to view something from the side, a "cross section" |
| plebeian | men who farmed, traded and made things for a living (most Roman citizens) |
| patrician | members of Rome's nobel families |
| republic | a form of government, the word means "public things" |
| representative | people who are elected to act for other people |
| Senate | controlled by Rome's patricians. It determined how Rome would act toward other governments and it had control over money |
| tribune | leaders of a large citizen assembly that worked to gain rights for the plebeians of Rome |
| consul | the third branch of Rome's republic, two men elected by the citizen assembly, commanded Rome's army and judges |
| Twelve Tables | a collection of laws written down by the patrician's after plebein protests |
| Punic Wars | the name Roman's gave to their conflicts with Carthage |
| Forum | a clearing that served as the center of life in Rome |
| Pax Romana | latin for "Roman Peace", it lasted about 200 years |
| civil war | war between two groups within one country |
| dictator | someone who rules with absolute power |
| aqueduct | waterways built to bring streams of fresh water into the city |
| census | count of the people living in a certain place |
| gladiator | he fought in huge stadiums. Most were slaves, but some were condemned criminals or prisoners of war |
| the Colosseum | the most famous stadium in Rome, it held about 50,000 people |
| Christianity | a religion based on the teachings of Jesus |
| New Testiment | a collection of books that tells about the birth of Christianity |
| Messiah | a special leader to be sent by God in oder to guide the Jewish people and to set up God's rule on Earth |
| parable | a simple story that contains a message or truth |
| apostle | a close follower of Jesus, there were 12 of them |
| bishop | a regional church leader |
| pope | it means "father" and stands for the leader of a branch of Christianity known as Roman Catholicism |
| Eastern Orthodox Christianity | Christianity influenced by the Byzantine empire, the pope was NOT the only leader who could speak for the church |
| architecture | the science of planning and constructing buildings |
| Roman Catholicism | Christianity influenced by western Europe. Rome became a leader for this western Christianity. |
