| A | B |
|---|
| culture | the behaviors and beliefs characteristic of a particular social, ethnic, or age group |
| ethnic group | group who shares a common and distinctive culture, religion, language, etc. |
| dialect | a local form of language |
| cultural diffusion | spread of culture |
| civilization | advanced state of human society |
| population density | average number of people living in a square mi/km |
| birth rate | average number of births |
| death rate | average number of deaths |
| famine | shortage of food that can result in death |
| urbanization | growth of cities |
| life expectancy | average lifespan |
| rural | countryside or town |
| immigrant | person who moves into another country |
| migration | movement of people |
| cultural trait | feature of a particular culture |
| cultural region | an area grouped together than has common cultural characteristics |
| nuclear family | social unit consisting of mother, father, children |
| extended family | group of relatives beyond the nuclear family such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins |
| push pull theory | reasons for migration |
| refugee | someone who flees their homeland to find safety |
| economic system | system of production and consumption |
| export | to ship goods to another place |
| import | to purchase goods from another place and ship them in |
| tariff | tax on imports |
| free trade | unrestricted trade; no barriers to trade |
| developing country | country that is poor, mostly made up of agrarian workers, but wants to become advanced |
| outsourcing | to purchase goods and services from another country |
| capitalism | economic system in which the means of production are owned by individuals and corporations; not owned by the state |
| supply | available amount of a good |
| demand | amount of good desired |
| command economy | economy in which means of production are owned and controlled by the state |
| traditional economy | economic system in which resources are inherited; often use primitive tools |
| service | job that provides aid to people; it doesn't produce a good |
| producer | one who creates goods and services |
| consumer | person who uses a good or service |
| socialism | system in which the state has a lot of economic control, but there is some private ownership |
| commercial farming | large scale farming; for profit |
| subsistence farming | small scale farming; usually not for profit |
| crop rotation | to alternate crops grown and to let land unplanted for awhile |
| natural resource | produced by the earth; not man-made |
| nonrenewable resource | resource that doesn't regenerate |
| raw materials | building material used in production of a finished good |
| scarcity | lack of |
| globalization | to make worldwide |
| deforestation | large scale removal of trees |
| terrace farming | to create levels of flat land like stairsteps to prevent erosion |
| specialization | to focus on one economic activity that can be produced efficiently |
| interdependence | reliance upon each other |
| direct democracy | democracy in which individuals vote and determine election outcomes; not representative |
| indirect democracy | representatives act on behalf of people |
| absolute monarchy | king or queen who has total control |
| constitutional monarchy | king or queen has little power; citizens vote for representatives |
| communism | system of social organization in which all economic and social activity is controlled by the state dominated by a single political party |
| renewable | resource that can be replenished; often on its own |
| monarchy | government in which right to rule is inherited |
| dictator | leader who takes control of a county and rules how he/she wishes |
| culture region | area where people share the same cultural traits |
| embargo | to stop trade with a country |
| quota | a specific amount of goods that can be imported |
