| A | B |
|---|
| symbiosis | relationship between two organisms |
| parasitism | one organism benefits, one is harmed |
| commensalism | one organism benefits, the other is not affected |
| mutualism | both organisms benefit |
| cycles of matter | material recycles through biotic and abiotic |
| biotic | living, used to be living, or will live |
| abiotic | matter that does not grow, reproduce, or require energy |
| evaporation | liquid water changes to a gas |
| condensation | water vapor returns to liquid form |
| nitrogen fixation | bacteria attaches nitrogen to plant roots |
| carbon/oxygen cycle | recycling of CO2 and O2 through plants and animals |
| biomes | a geographical region determined by climate and organisms that live there |
| desert | biome with little rainfall |
| tropical rain forest | biome with greatest variety of organisms |
| coniferous forest | northernmost forest biome; many cone-bearing trees |
| deciduous forest | biome with temperate climate and trees that loose leaves in the fall |
| savannah | biome with grasslands |
| climograph | chart using bars for rainfall and a line for temperature |
| ecosystem | geographic area containing biotic and abiotic factors |
| community | the biotic part of an ecosystem |
| groundwater | water that collects underground |
| nocturnal | organisms that are active during the night |
| diurnal | organisms that are active during the day |
| lunar cycle | determined by the moon |
| annual cycle | affected by the orbit of the earth around the sun |
| daily cycle | controlled by the rotation of the earth on its axis |
| biological clock | an internal timing device |
| estivation | a resting state that occurs during hot weather |
| hibernation | a resting state that occurs during cold weather |
| migration | movement of organisms from a place where they feed to a placse where they breed |
| photosynthesis | using the energy from the sun to create oxygen and glucose |
| sunlight | source of ALL energy for organisms |
| producers | feeding level that creates food from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide |
| consumers | feeding level that must depend on other organisms for food energy |
| decomposers | break down dead organic material into smaller parts |
| bacteria | a type of decomposer |
| energy pyramid | diagram demonstrating energy loss through food consumption |
| predator | an organism that hunts, kills, and eats another organism |
| three cycles of matter | water, nitrogen, carbon/oxygen |
| three cycles of time | daily, lunar annual |
| carnivore | a consumer that eats other consumers |
| herbivore | a consumer that eats only producers |
| omnivore | a consumer that eats both producers and consumers |
| food chain | energy flows from producer to consumer to decomposer |
| food web | many interconnecting food chains |
| ecology | the study of relationships in an ecosystem |
| biology | the study of all living organisms |
| transpiration | the process by which water returns to the atmosphere from the leaves of plants |
| chlorophyll | the substance in plant cells that enables plants to create food and oxygen |
| roots | part of a plant that absorbs water and nutrients from the soil |
