| A | B |
|---|
| atom | contains protons and electrons |
| molecule | 2 or more atoms joined together |
| compound | two or more different atoms or ions joined |
| atomic element | occurs in individual atoms |
| molecular element | a molecule that has all the same kind of atoms |
| what are the molecular elements? | h2,02,N2,F2,Cl2,Br2,I2,P4,S8 |
| metals | On left side of periodic table |
| properties of metals | shiny, conduct heat/electricity,malleable,ductile |
| nonmetals | far right side of periodic chart |
| properties of non metals | brittle as solids,mostly nonconductors |
| ions | atoms that have either lost or gained electrons |
| neutral atoms | have as many + and - charges |
| ionic compound | contains + and - ions of equal charge |
| groups | vertical rows in the periodic table |
| periods | horizontal rows on the periodic table |
| metalloids | elements near the dividing line of metals/nonmetals |
| hydrogen | a nonmetal but not a halogen |
| alkali metals | group 1 |
| alkaline earth metals | group 2 |
| halogens | group 17 |
| noble (inert) gases | group 18 |
| homogeneous mixture | solution |
| colloid | heterogeneous mixture |
| nitrate ion | -N03 -1 |
| sulfate ion | -SO4 -2 |
| hydroxide ion | -OH-1 |
| carbonate ion | -CO3 -2 |
| chlorate ion | -ClO3 -1 |
| phosphate ion | -PO4 -3 |
| nitrate molecule | no such thing |
| sodium chloride molecule | no such thing |
| polyatomic ion (radical) | 8 ions on the board |
| potential energy increases | attracting bodies get further apart |
| potential energy decreases | attracting bodies get closer together |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| conservation of energy | energy is neither created nor destroyed...it just changes forms |
| forms of energy | kinetic,potential,electromagnetic |
| types of kinetic energy | macroscopic (1/2 m v2) and heat |
| any reaction that gives off heat | potential energy goes DOWN |
| when wax freezes (on your finger?) | potential energy goes DOWN |
| when wax melts | potential energy goes UP |
| when a pure substance is changing phase | temperature remains constant |
| energy is removed from a substance | either PE or KE of the substance goes down |
| energy removed but phase doesn't change | temperature must go down |
| energy is added but phase doesn't change | temperature must go up. |
| energy is removed but temperature doesn't change | phase must be changing |
| charges on ions of metals in group 1 | +1 |
| charges on ions of metals in group 2 | +2 |
| charges on ions of nonmetals in group 17 | -1 |
| total net charge on sodium chloride | zero |
| a molecule of silver chloride | no such thing |
| ionic carbon dioxide | no such thing |
| symbol for silver atom | Ag |
| symbol for lead atom | Pb |
| symbol for sodium atom | Na |
| symbol for iron atom | Fe |
| symbol for sodium ion | Na+1 |
| symbol for chlorine atom | Cl |
| symbol for chlorine ion | Cl- |
| symbol for magnesium ion | Mg+2 |
