| A | B |
|---|
| speed | distance/time |
| velocity | distance/time + direction |
| newton's first law | an object at rest stays at rest, an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force |
| inertia | resistance to change in state (rest/motion) |
| newton's second law | Force = mass x acceleration |
| metric units of speed | m/s |
| metric units of force | newtons (N) |
| metric units of acceleration | m/s2 |
| friction | the force between two objects that opposes the motion of either object |
| gravity | the attraction between two particles of matter due to mass; affected by mass & distance between objects |
| acceleration formula | (final velocity - initial velocity)/change in time |
| acceleration definition | change in speed or direction |
| newton's third law | for every action there's an equal and opposite reaction |
| momentum | mass x velocity; quantity of motion that an object has |
| force | push or pull |
| mass | amount of matter in an object |
| weight | mass x gravitational pull (kind of force) |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| conduction | heat transfer by touch |
| convection | heat transfer by the movement of liquids or gases (warm rises, cool sinks due to density) |
| radiation | heat transfer without touch |
| EM Spectrum | the different types of light put in order by frequency/wavelength |
| EM Waves in Order | radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma |
| Visible Light Spectrum in Order | ROY G BIV |
| Wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from place to place |
| Two Types of Waves | Longitudinal & Transverse |
| Parts of a Wave | Trough, Crest, Wavelength, Amplitude |
| Frequency | the number of waves/per second |
| Work | force x distance |
| Types of Simple Machines | pulley, screw, wedge, inclined plane, lever, wheel & axle |
| Conservation of Energy | energy can not be created or destroyed it just changes form |
| Compound Machine | more than one simple machine working together |
| Ways Light Interacts with Matter | reflection, refraction, absorption, transmission |
| transmission | when light goes through |
| absorption | when light is stopped |
| reflection | when light hits and bouces away from an object |
| refraction | when light is bent as it enters a different medium |
| longitudinal wave | sound travels this way; like a slinky |
| transverse wave | light travels this way; up/down or side to side |
| gamma ray | type of light with highest frequency/most damage |
| radio wave | type of light with lowest frequency/least damage |
| types of energy | potential, kinetic, mechanical, thermal, electrical, electromagnetic, nuclear, chemical |
| Methods of Heat Transfer | conduction, convection, radiation |
| crest | top of a transverse wave |
| trough | bottom of a transverse wave |
| wavelength | distance from crest to crest of a transverse wave |
| amplitude | half the height of a transverse wave (1/2 crest to trough) |
| what's on a speed graphs axes? | X: time Y: distance |
| what's on an acceleration graphs axes | X: time Y: velocity or speed |
