| A | B |
|---|
| Thomas Jefferson | Republican who was elected president who cut military spending and eliminated domestic taxes |
| John Adams | former Federalist President who was defeated by Thomas Jefferson |
| inauguration | swearing-in ceremony of president |
| Federalists | the political party which was defeated in the Jefferson election |
| James Madison | Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson |
| Albert Gallatin | Secretary of Treasury under Thomas Jefferson |
| William Marbury | Federalist judge chosen by John Adams who demanded that the Supreme Court force the executive branch to hand over his commission (after Jefferson chose not to release it) |
| John Marshall | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; a Federalists appointed by John Adams; agreed to hear William Marbury's case |
| Marbury vs. Madison | Supreme Court decision in which the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional; this ruling established the power of judicial review |
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | act that stated that Congress could give the Supreme Court new powers |
| unconstitutional | when a law does something not allowed by the Constitution |
| judicial review | power which allows the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress to be unconsitutional; greatly increased the Supreme Court's legal authority |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French General whose political ambition and military skill caused fear across Europe |
| St. Domingue | former French colony which had been taken over by enslaved Africans; the citizens here prevented Napoleon from sending troops to Louisiana |
| Toussaint-Louverture | former slave who was ruler of St. Domingue |
| Spain | country which had original control of Lousiana |
| France | country which gained control of Louisiana in a secret treaty |
| New Orleans | city founded by the French in 1718, was ruled by the Spanish in 1762, and returned to french control in the 1800's; became the focus of Thomas Jefferson's foreign policy |
| Robert Livingston | US ambassador to France who was sent by Thomas Jefferson to try to buy New Orleans and West Florida |
| James Monroe | man sent by Thomas Jefferson to help Robert Livingston buy New Orleans and West Florida from the French |
| Tallyrand | French foreign minister who dealt with Livingston and Monroe in the sale of Lousiana |
| 1. France was going to war with Britain, 2. France didn't want to fight Britain AND the US, 3. France didn't have troops in Louisiana | reasons why Napoleon wanted to sell Louisiana |
| $15 million | amount that the US paid France for Louisiana |
| Louisiana Purchase | treaty in which the US almost doubled the size of the country |
| Meriwether Lewis | former army captain and presidential assistant to Jefferson who was chosen to lead a western expformer army captain and presidential assistant to Jefferson who was chosen to lead a western expedition in search of a river route to the Pacific |
| William Clark | lieutenant who was chosen to lead a western expedition in search of a river route to the Pacific |
| Corps of Discovery | the group of explorers who crossed the US continent in search of a river route to the Pacific |
| York | member of Lewis and Clark's expedition who is believed to be the first person of African descent to cross the US continent |
| Sacagawea | Shoshone wife of a French fur trader, who guided the expedition across the Great Plains |
| Zebulon Pike | a young army officer who went on an expedition to find the starting point of the Red River; went to the Rocky Mountains, found the Rio Grande, and was imprisoned by the Spanish on charges of being a spy |
| impressment | the practice of forcing people to serve in the army or navy |
| embargo | the banning of trade |
| Embargo Act | act passed by Congress in 1807, banning trade with foreign countries |
| Non-Intercourse Act | act passed by Congress in 1809 which banned trade only with Britain, France, and their colonies |
| Tecumseh | a Shawnee chief who was a skilled military leader and a brilliant speaker |
| William Henry Harrison | the governor of the Indiana Territory who was going to attack the Indian tribe while Tecumseh was not there |
| Battle of Tippecanoe | the attack of Indians on Harrison's camp, which resulted in the destruction of Tecumseh's village |
| Prophet | Tecumseh's brother who ordered an attack on Harrison's camp |
| War Hawks | members of Congress who favored war against Britain |
| Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun | major supporters of the War Hawks |
| New England Federalists | strongest opponents of the War Hawks who opposed going to war |
| James Madison | Republican president who called on Congress to declare war against Britain |
| War of 1812 | war between Britain and the US concerning the problems of impressment or trade embargoes |
| Old Ironsides | nickname for the USS Constitution, the ship which won one of the first battles of the War of 1812 |
| privateers | privately owned ships which were licensed by the US government to attack English merchant ships |
| Oliver Hazard Perry | US naval captain who led the US fleet to victory against the British in the Battle of Lake Erie |
| Battle of Lake Erie | War of 1812 naval battle which lasted more than three hours and resulted in a US victory |
| Battle of the Thames | battle in which the US pursued the British and Indian allies into Canada, Tecumseh was killed, and the US won |
| Indians | ally of the British during the War of 1812 |
| Red Eagle | chief of the Creek Indians who led the tribe in the destruction of Fort Mims in present-day Alabama |
| Andrew Jackson | a general in the Tennessee militia who led his soldiers to fight the Creek in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend |
| Battle of Horeshoe Bend | a convincing victory for Jackson which ended the Creek War and led to a treaty that forced the Creek to give up millions of acres of their land |
| Battle of New Orleans | battle which resulted in more than 2,000 British wounded/casualties and only 70 American deaths |
| Hartford Convention | a gathering of New England Federalists in opposition of the war |
| Treaty of Ghent | the peace agreement which had been signed in Belgium before the Battle of New Orleans |
