| A | B |
|---|
| active transport | transport of materials agasinst a gradient requiring energy |
| concentration gradient | the difference in concentration of a substance across a space |
| contractile vacuoles | collect excess water then contract and squeeze the water out of the cell |
| diffusion | net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| dynamic equilibrium | condition in which there is continuous movement but no overall change |
| endocytosis | process where a cell surrounds and takes in material from its environment |
| excytosis | the reverse of endocytosis |
| facilitated diffusion | diffusion of particles across a plasma membrane by transport proteins |
| fluid mosaic model | the description of a plasma membrane as a structure made up of many similar molecules that are free to flow among one another |
| hypertonic solution | solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is higher than the concentration inside the cell. |
| hypotonic solution | solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is lower than the concentration inside the cell. |
| isotonic solution | solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances is the same as the concentration inside the cell. |
| kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
| osmosis | diffusion of water across a membrane |
| passive transport | movement of substances across a plasma membrane without additional energy |
| phagocytosis | movement of large particles of solid food or whole cells into a cell ( cell eating) |
| phospholipid | two lipids in a plasma membrane that are attached to phosphate group |
| pinocytosis | endocytosis that involves the transport of liquid droplets or small particles (cell drinking) |
| plasmolysis | the loss of water resulting in a drop in turgor pressure |
| selective permeability | property of a membrane that allows some materials to pass through while rejecting others |
| transport proteins | allow needed substances or waste materials to move through the plama membrane. |
| turgor pressure | the pressure that builds in a plant cell as a result of osmosis |
