| A | B |
|---|
| Mustafa Kemal | Founder of Modern Turkey |
| Ataturk | Name given to Mustafa Kemal by the Assembly which means "Father of the Turks" |
| Tansu Ciller | Turkey's female Prime Minister during the 1990's |
| Zionism | A movement that encouraged Jews to return to Palestine, their Jewish homeland |
| Kibbutz | A Jewish farming village in Palestine (present day Israel) whose members own everything in common, sharing labor, income, and expenses |
| Law of Return | States that Jews anywhere in teh world can immigrate to Israel and become citizens |
| Orthodox Jew | A Jew that strictly follows Jewish law |
| Palestine | An Arab region that was also the land the Jews had lived in 2,000 years earlier |
| Kurd | A member of a group of mountain people that live in Armenia, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, and Turkey |
| Arab-Israeli Wars | Fought between 1948 and 1973 between Israel and the countries of iraq, Syria, Egypt, Jordan, and Lebanon |
| Haj | A pilgrimage to Mecca that most Muslims try to make at least once in a lifetime |
| Mandate | A country placed under the control of another power by international agreement |
| Persian Gulf War | A 1991 war between the United States and Iraq |
| Ramadan | The ninth month of the Islamic year |
| Rosh Hashanah | The Jewish New Year |
| Yom Kippur | The Jewish Day of Atonement; it is a day of fasting and reflecting on one's sins |
| Grand National Assembly | Turkey's legislature, organized by Mustafa Kemal |
| OPEC | An organization that decides the price and amount of oil produced in each country each year |
| Petrochemical | A product made from petroleum or natural gas |
| Primary product | A raw material used to manufacture other products |
| Secondary product | A product manufactured from primary products |
| Secular | When something is not specifically related to religion |
