| A | B |
|---|
| Stamping Press | Components of a typical mechanical drive stamping press,  |
| Types of Stamping Press Frame | Gap Frame and Straight-sided frame |
| Gap frame | Configuration of the letter C and often referred to as a C‑frame |
| Straight‑sided frame | Box-like construction for higher tonnage |
| Power and Drive Systems (2) | Hydraulic presses and Mechanical presses |
| Hydraulic presses | use a large piston and cylinder to drive the ram- Longer ram stroke than mechanical types. Suited to deep drawing. Slower than mechanical drives. |
| Mechanical Presses | convert rotation of motor to linear motion of ram- High forces at bottom of stroke. Suited to blanking and punching. |
| Operations Not Performed on Presses (4) | Stretch forming. Roll bending and forming. Spinning. High‑energy‑rate forming processes. |
| Stretch Forming | Sheet metal is stretched and simultaneously bent to achieve shape change,  |
| Force Required in Stretch Forming (equation) | F= L*t*Yf where F = stretching force; L = length of sheet in direction perpendicular to stretching; t = instantaneous stock thickness; and Yf = flow stress of work metal |
| Roll Bending | Large metal sheets and plates are formed into curved sections using rolls,  |
| Roll Forming | Continuous bending process in which opposing rolls produce long sections of formed shapes from coil or strip stock. Roll forming of a continuous channel section: (1) straight rolls, (2) partial form, (3) final form.,  |
| Spinning (definition and 3 types) | Metal forming process in which an axially symmetric part is gradually shaped over a rotating mandrel using a rounded tool or roller Three types: Conventional spinning, Shear spinning, Tube spinning. Pictured is conventional spinning:,  |
| High‑Energy‑Rate Forming (HERF) | Processes to form metals using large amounts of energy over a very short time |
| 3 HERF processes include: | Explosive forming. Electrohydraulic forming. Electromagnetic forming. |
| Explosive Forming | Use of explosive charge to form sheet (or plate) metal into a die cavity- Explosive charge causes a shock wave whose energy is transmitted to force part into cavity. Applications: large parts, typical of aerospace industry. Figure 20.45 Explosive forming: (1) setup, (2) explosive is detonated, and (3) shock wave forms part and plume escapes water surface.,  |
| Electromagnetic Forming | Sheet metal is deformed by mechanical force of an electromagnetic field induced in the workpart by an energized coil- Presently the most widely used HERF process. Applications: tubular parts. Figure 20.47 Electromagnetic forming: (1) setup in which coil is inserted into tubular workpart surrounded by die; (2) formed part.,  |
