| A | B |
|---|
| Element | a type of matter in which al the atoms are the same; cannot be broken down into simpler substances |
| Atom | smallest part of an element |
| Compound | two or more elements that are chemically combined; they share electrons |
| Molecule | smallest unti of most compounds;two or more atoms chemically bonded together |
| Organic compounds | a compound that contains carbon and is made by a living thing |
| Protiens | large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur |
| Amino acids | small units that are linked together chemically to form protiens |
| Enzyme | type of protien that speeds up and slows down a chemical reaction in a living thing |
| Carbohydrates | and energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Lipids | fats, oils, and waxes that are energy-rich organic compounds and are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Nucleic Acids | very large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Nucleic acids contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life |
| DNA | standing for deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA is the genetic material that carries information about an onrganism that is passed from the parent to the offspring. DNA is found in the chromatin, which is in the nucleus |
| RNA | standing for ribonucleic acid, RNA plays an important role in the production of protien |
| Water | a mixture of hydrogen and oxgen; without water many chemicalreactions within cells could not take place |
| Selectively permeable | a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while other may not |
| Diffusion | the process by which molecules move from one area to another in which they are highly concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
| Osmosis | the movement of molecules through a selectlively permeable membrane. It is basicly diffusion, but through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Passive transport | the movemnet of molecules through a cell membrane without using energy |
| Active transport | the movement of materials through a cell membrane by using energy |
| Transport protiens | protiens that are a part of the cell membrane that gather molecules and bring them in or out of the cell by using energy |
