| A | B |
| homer | wrote the illiad and the oddessy |
| zues | king of the gods |
| julius caesar | he was the republics greatest hero |
| pericles | athens became a political and cultural center under him |
| nero | he was suspected of startin the fire that destroyed rome |
| sappho | greek poet |
| hadrian | devoted his reign to protectin the empire rather than expanding it |
| socrates | one of the most extraordinary thinkers in history |
| ptolemy | was a mathmatician who worked for alexander the great |
| philip | a young ruler who became king of macedonia |
| galen | a greek but his theories dominatied roman medicine |
| hannibal | marched northeast on elephants |
| spartacus | lead a slave revolt, started a war |
| alaric | the visigoth leader, lead his troops to italy |
| attila | king of the huns |
| trajan | spanish born military governor of the reign of north italy |
| theodoric | restored peace and prosperity in italy |
| constantine | tried to save the empire by imposing strong one man rule |
| clovis | frankish ruler who united the franks and conquered the romans and german people |
| pepin the short | son of charles martel , king of the franks title given to h im |