| A | B |
|---|
| Identify the location where most nutrients are absorbed. | Small Intestines |
| Where is the first site of chemical digestion? | Mouth |
| What causes chemical digestion in the mouth? | Saliva |
| Identify the location where most water is absorbed. | Large Intestines |
| Where are villi found? | Small Intestines |
| Identify all voluntary muscles. | Skeletal Muscles |
| What is the purpose of cardiac muscles? | Contract and cause the heart to beat |
| Do voluntary or involuntary muscles tire quickly? | Voluntary Muscles |
| What type of muscles react and tire slowly? | Involuntary Muscles |
| Where would you find smooth muscles? | Organs |
| What is peristalsis? | Waves of contractions in the muscles |
| What tissues carry messages throughout the body? | Nerves |
| What is the purpose of skeletal muscles? | Attach and move bones |
| Where do you find cardiac muscles? | Heart (and brain) |
| How many bones are there in the body? | 206 |
| What is the purpose of ligaments? | To connect bone to bone |
| What are joints? | Location where two bones meet |
| What is the purpose of tendons? | To connect bone to muscle |
| Identify the enzyme found in the mouth that breaks down starches. | Ptyalin |
| What is the purpose of cartilage? | Provide a cushion for bones; prevent bones from rubbing against each other |
| Name two ways food is broken down. | Mechanical (chewing) & Chemical (enzymes) |
| What is the purpose for joints? | Hold bones in place; keep bones far enough apart to prevent rubbing |
| What is the purpose of pepsin? | To break down food in the stomach |
| Identify the flap of tissue that protects the windpipe from unwanted objects. | Epiglottis |
| How does the pancreas assist in the digestion process? | Produces pancreatic juices to break down proteins, starches, and fats |
| Identify the three types of muscles. | Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac |
| What is the purpose of red marrow? | To produce blood cells |
| What is found in yellow marrow? | Fat and blood vessels |
| Explain the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles. | Voluntary muscles move only when instructed to; Involuntary muscles move independently |
| Identify all involuntary muscles. | Cardiac and Smooth |
| Identify the purpose of the digestive system. | Break down food into simpler substances for use by the body |
| How does the liver assist in the digestive process? | Produces bile to break down large fat particles |
| What is the purpose of villi? | To increase the surface area in the small intestines for faster absorption |
| Identify the 7 types of joints. | Fixed (immovable), Ball-and-Socket, Hinge, Pivot, Saddle, Gliding, Ellipsoid |
| Where can you find fixed joints? | Skull |
| Where can you find ball-and-socket joints? | Shoulders and Hips |
| Where can you find hinge joints? | Jaw, Knee, Elbow |
| Where can you find pivot joints? | First two neck vertebra |
| Where can you find saddle joints? | Base of the thumb |
| Where can you find gliding joints? | Wrist |
| Where can you find ellipsoid joints? | Base of fingers |
| What is the function of the skeletal system? | Shape/support; allow movement; protect tissues/organs; produce blood cells |
| Identify the purpose of smooth muscles. | Help control breathing, blood pressure and digestive system movement |
| Explain how muscles and nerves work together to allow for movement. | Nerves send messages to muscles; opposite muscles working in pairs contract/relax to cause movement |
| Identify three places peristalsis is used. | Throat, stomach, small intestines, large intestines |
| Identify the pathway food takes through the digestive system. | Mouth - esophagus - stomach - small intestines - large intestines - rectum - anus |
