| A | B |
|---|
| Giovanni de'Medici | Son of Lorenzo de'Medici, as Pope Leo X, continued the Medici tradition of being a patron to the arts |
| Martin Luther | Author of the 95 Theses, the spark that started the Reformation. Orginally a friar in the Catholic Church. Condemned the sale of indulgences. Was excommunicated and declared a outlaw by the Diet of Worms. Frederick of Saxony protected him |
| Holy Roman Emperor Charles V | Holy Roman Emporer who ruled the empire, Spain, and lower Italy |
| Ulrich Zwingli | Said Christian life rested in the scriptures, and they were the sole basis of relgious truth. Atatacked indulgences, Mass, monasticism, and celibacy of clergy |
| John Calvin | Believed in predestination, absolute power of God and the weakness of humans. Made Geneva his Model City |
| Michael Servetus | Spanish humanist who denyed the Trinity. Fled from the Inquisition to Geneva, where he was rearrested and executed |
| William Tyndale | Humanist who cried for reform in English Church and printed an English translation of the Bible. Influnced the Lollards, who used his Bible |
| Henry VIII of England | King of England who broke from the Catholic Church because he could not get an annulment. Declared the English Monarch head of the English Church |
| Anne Boleyn | The woman who King Henry VIII wanted to get an annulment for. |
| Mary Tudor | Queen for 5 years, tried to bring Catholicism back to England. Executed several hundred Protestants. When she died Protestantism returned to England |
| Elizabeth I of England | Reinstated Protestantism into England. Made English Protestantism a moderate relgion between Puritanism and Catholicism. |
| Thomas Cromwell | Chief Minister of Henry VIII. Influenced the king to end monastaries. |
| Thomas Cranmer | Archbishop of Canterbury, simplied liturgy, brought Protestant theologians to England, and created the "Book of Common Prayer", a directory for English Services. All under Edward VI |
| John Knox | Founder of Presbyterianism, tooks Calvin's ideas and brought them to Scotland |
| Gustavus Vasa | Swedish Nobleman, revolted against Denmark and made Sweden independent. Created a Lutheran Swedish church, made bishops submit to government. Translated Bible into Swedish |
| Pope Clement VII | Pope who refused Henry VIII's annulement request, because it would have meant another Pope was wrong in not giving it. Helped spread Protestantism by constantly switching alliances to help protect his land. |
| Jane Seymour | The third wife of Henry VIII, died in childbirth. |
