| A | B |
|---|
| intracellular digestion | takes place in vacuoles in cytoplasm of cell |
| mechanical digestion | physical process by which food is worked on to make a larger surface area |
| ingestion | taking in of food |
| G.I. Tract | Gastro-Intestinal (digestive) Tract |
| esophagus | peristalsis occurs here--NO digestion occurs. Connects mouth to stomach |
| stomach | chemical and mechanical digestion. Acidic PH (hydrochloric acid {HCI}) |
| large intestines | no digestion occurs here, but water reabsorption does |
| mouth | where carbohydrates begin to undergo hydrolysis |
| extracellular digestion | takes place outside the cell by the action of enzymes secreted by the cell |
| egestion | enzymatic hydrolysis (chemical breakdown) of nutrients |
| peristalsis | the removal of undigested or indigestible substances |
| oral cavity | rhythmic muscular contractions that occur along the G.I. tract |
| small intestines | mouth-->mechanical digestion |
| villi | all digestion is completed here, as well as absorption of nutrients |
| stomach | finger-like projections that line the small intestines; they increase the surface area |
| small intestine | where all digestion is completed |
| rectum | where feces is stored |
| stomach | place where hydrochloric acid (HCI) is secreted |
| pancreas | secretes enzymes to assist in chemical digestion |
| ulcer | sore in the lining of the digestive tract |
| diarrhea | not enough water reabsorption by the large intestines |
| digestive glands | special cells located along the digestive tract that secrete digestive substances |
| appendix | small pouch located where small intestine joins large intestine; plays No role in human digestion |
| liver | where bile is formed |
| bile | emulsifies fats (lipids) |
| saliva | secreted in oral cavity; used in hydrolysis of starches |
| mucus | lines the digestive tract and protects it |
| constipation | too much water reabsorption by the large intestines |
| gallbladder | where bile is stored |
| accessory glands | lie outside the digestive tract; secretions pass into digestive tract by a tube or duct (salivary glands, liver, pancreas) |
| How food passes through the digestive tract | mouth-->pharynx (throat)/ espohagus --> stomach -->small intestine-->large intestine --> rectum--> anus |
