| A | B |
|---|
| Presbyopia | loss of visual acuity;loss of elasticity of lens |
| Arcus senilis | White circle around the periphery of the cornea |
| presbycusis | progressive loss of hearing; especially the high tones |
| decrease in subcutaneous fat; decline in natural insulation | Ensure warmth, adequate clothing, maintain room 70-75 degrees |
| Lower oral temperature | Establish norm for baseline temperature to be able to identify fever for an individual |
| Decreased cardiac output and stroke volume | Allow rest between activities; along longer recovery time after activity for heart rate to return to normal |
| Reduced acuity of taste sensations | Avoid overconsumption of sweets |
| Decreased esophageal motility | Assess for indigestion; not lie down for at least 1 hour after meals |
| Decreased colonic peristalsis | Assess for constipation |
| decreased bladder capacity | Assist with need for frequent tolieting |
| decreased renal tubular function | check creatinine level; monitor drugs that are excreted via renal system |
| decreased bone mass | Safety measures to prevent falls/fractures |
| Atrophy of muscle, reduction in muscle strength and mass | encourange regular exercise; avoid straining muscles |
| yellowing of lens in eye | decreased in ability to distinguish blues, greens, violets |
| reduced immunity | handwashing; maintain nutrition to support individuals immune system |
| slower response and reaction time | allow time for patient to respond, process information, perform tasks |
| pulmonary decrease in vital capacity | need time to recover breath after exertion |
| loss of skin receptors producing an increased threshold for pain, touch, temp | safety with hot, cold; something painful in younger may not be as painful in older adult |
| thirst mechanism diminshed | encourage to drink fluids if not contraindicated |
| production of intrinsic factor needed to make B12 decreased | monitor for signs of anemia; safety if anemic since RBC's carry oxygen |
