| A | B |
| plain | flat, low land form |
| plateau | flat, high land form |
| fertile | soil that is good for growing crops |
| drought | long period of time with no rain |
| ancient | very long ago |
| dike | wall made of earth to hold flood water back |
| silt | rich soil left at edges of bodies of water |
| civilization | a society with the developed forms of religion, government, and learning |
| city-state | city with farmlands around it |
| goods | things to be sold (merchandise) |
| ziggurat | huge temple built in layers |
| vehicle | kinds of transportation |
| chariot | vehicle with two wheels on a cart |
| records | notes taken for futrue use |
| surplus | extra supply |
| scribes | people who were hired to read or write for others |
| cuneiform | wedge-shape sumbols in an ancient form of writing |
| stylus | writing tool made of wood or reed to create wedge-shaped symbols |
| culture | a way of life |
| government | a system for deciding what is best for a group of people |
| laws | rules |
| cooperation | working together |
| democracy | a government in which the people rule by voting |
| monarchy | a government in which a king or queen rules |
| empire | a land of many people and places all under one ruler |
| polytheism | the belief in many gods |
| monotheism | the belief in one God |
| descendants | relatives who were born after someone |
| ancestors | relatives who came before someone |
| covenant | agreement with God |
| famine | a long time with very little food available |