.S. History good Deal Tools A B indicates the size distance on a map compared with reality scale i directional symbol on a map compass rose the feature of a map which tells you which symbols in colors mean legend it is important to be sure of this because north is always at the top orientation bridge where native peoples crossed from Asia to the americas Bering Straight Cartographer for whom America is named Amerigo Vespucci a period of conflict and change in the Catholic church in the 1500's Protestant Reformation The person cut England off from the Catholoc church becaus ethe pope would not grant him a divorce King Henry VIII ruler of england who encouraged piracy and exploration Queen Elizabeth I the first English colony, or Lost Colony, as not a trace of it was ever found Roanoke Island, Virginia Sent his armada to attack England but was defeated by her smaller, faster ships Phillip II of Spain First English colony to survive thanks to John Smith and tabacco Jamestown, Va. One of the groups that first populated the americas who lived in what now is called Peru Incas The white settlers had these, which killed far more of the natives of the Americas than the gunpowder or blades diseases William Penn, founder of Pennsilvania, called his colony this, as it was going to be a fair society, all males could vote Holy Experiment The colony created to be a haven for catholics, founded by lord Baltimore Maryland The nations which first exploed and colonizd the americas Spain and portugal The religion imposed on teh natives of the coonies by the Spanish and Portugese was Catholicsm when the Pilgrims landed at plymouth, they took their first step towards self-governing when they signed The Mayflower Roger Williams was forced to leave Mass. bay colony beacuse of controversal ideas, founded teh colony of Rhode Island King Philips War, 1695, was named the native American who tried to make alliances with other tribes to fight white settlers Metacom Henry Hudson, though English, sailed for this country and claimed the area around the river named for him the Netherlands The culter and lifestyle of teh middle colonies was centered upon farming The Spanish conquered with sword and scripter they used the mission system, then fought with swords The full name of the native amrican who helped the Pilgrims of Plymouth survive was Tisquantum Immigrants who coulod not afford passage to teh colonies and had to work it off for 5-7 years indentured servants Refers to trade between Africa, West Indies, and the colonies Triangle Trade Route Safeguarded slave owners from violence of slaves and kept slaves "in their peace" slave codes refers to the journey which brought Africa to teh west Indies Middle Passage A product, such as tabacco or cotton, which yielded high profits cash crops had a constant market and could generally be counte don for lively hood staple crops A piedmont farmer who resented Indians and high taxes, he burned Jamestown and attacked friendly Indians Nathaniel Bacon a large farm in the south plantation what year did Eli Whitney invent teh cotton gin? 1793 Terrible Transformation African Birth or heritage African blacks were sold to European slave traders by enemy African tribes Southerners were interested in growing this cash crop inland, but it was difficult because of the sticky seeds short-staple cotton the people living in the piedmont region of Virgibia were upset due to social differnces, high taxes, problems with Indians differences between slaves and indentured servants slaves were owned like property, slaves were slaves for life, Why was "A slave's Middle Passage so important a primary source, serves as bares witness the results of teh bacon rebellion people switched to black slavery rather than indentured servants. He was kidnapped with his sister and sold into slavery Olaudah Equiano according to this any man who paid his way to virgina got fifty acres of land head right system stretch of land along the atlantic coast extending about 75 miles inland tidewater` a plateau of forests and foothills piedmont the largest of the seaport cities of the colonies Boston colony which followed a policy of pacifism as well as brotherly love Pennsylvania typemof colony administrated by the English government N.J. type of colony largely independent of england's control self-governing economic wealth where a nation tried to gain greater wealth and power than it's rivals mercantilism a nation strives or export more than it imports favorable balance of trade series of laws passed by Britian to regulate trade and shipping in teh colonies Navigation acts the act of importing or exporting illegally smuggling Britian's policies of ignoring the coloniests illegal activities salutary neglect tried to get teh royal governer recalled and teh mass. charter back Increase Mather a dutch protestant who was asked to rule England William of Orange The permanant establishment of Parliaments supremacy over the monarchy and law of toleration towards religious disenters The Glorious Revolution opposition to fighting pacifism Nazis destroyed Jewish businesses and synagogues Kristallnacht issues which cause disputed beween settlers and native Americans land and christianity the right to vote suffrage first colonial written constitution Fundemental Orders of Connecticut an area which teh colonies had direct trade West Indies The mainreason why countries have colonies is to have this source raw materials Smugglers were to be tried in these courts admiralty movement of the 18th century where reason was the hallmark of time Enlightment Philosipher who believed humans had natural rights of life, liberty, and property John Locke Great example of a man with enlightment, printer, inventor, Ben Franklin had their own revival and determined slavery was wrong for them Quakers The german immigrant was accused of libel and put on trial John peter Zenger first black women to publish writings in America Philis Wheatly Act which said that colonists could not issue their own paper money Currency act when parliment declared the right to tax and rule colonies Declaratory Act when colonists housed and supplied British troops Quartering act which placed mport duties on articals of every day use townshend search warrents which gave British officals rights ro search colonists businesses Writes of assistance ct which placed a duty on sugar products Sugar Act which put tax on paper and legal documents stamp Act which permitted french more land and more laws Quebec Sct ordereing settlers wt withdrow form Appalation Mountains proclamation act which punished the colonists for teh Boston tea party Intolerable the french fort built at the forks of Ohio, which teh British repeatedly tried to capture Fort Duquesne the secret group of colonists to protest teh stamp act and casued riots the sons of liberty the network which organized communication between the colonies, which Thomas Jefferson and patrick henry were members of the commitees of corrospondance the prhrase, "the shot heard round the world" by poet Ralph Waldo Emerson the last ditch effort at reconcilation with teh british resulted in an angry King George ordering a blockade and hiring Hessions Olive Branch petition votes George washington commander-in-chief of continetntal army Continental Congress In this essay Thomas paine's famous quote, "These are teh times that try men's souls, railed down trodden Patriot troops The Crises those who chose to remain loyal to brotian loyalists The early revolutionay war was a costly one for Britian, but a moral one for Patriots Breed's Hill a christmas time victory in which washington and his troopsmade a surprise attack on teh Hessions Batle of Trenton the turning [oint of the revolutionary war, for the colonists, becase france decided to join them Battle of Saratoga At Valley Forge, this man helped train Washington's troops Baron Von Steubon the french nobleman became one of america's most popular leaders Marquis de lafayette Last decisive battle of war, which cornwallis surrendored in fac eof french and americans Yorktown he and teh green mountain boys captured the british fort Ticonderoga ethan Allan Continental congress shose this man to be commander and chief of continental army george washington they aided british in teh war cause they were promised freedom black slaves a man considered a traitor, betrayed teh patriots Benedict arnold the pamphlet sold half million copies, to part Britain "common sense' wrote the decloration of independence Thomas Jefferson warned her husband not to forget the ladies in the Dec. of ind. abigain adams an inspiring phamplet by Thomas Paine the crisis the fench decided to join this cause after this battle, which was the turning point of war Saratoga casimir pulaski and Thddous Kosciuski came from this place to train patriot calvary Poland British moved the war in this direction because they needed more loyalist support south gave the colonists official recognition as an independent naion and all land up to Miss. river treaty of paris Britain's greatest advantage during teh war her navy, largest in the world George washington's greatest disadvantage lack of supplies for his troops not so much a failure, as training wheels on a bike of our govt. artticals of confederation oldest member of constitution, sooting hot tempers ben franklin law which specified the process of a terrirtory becominga state Northest Ordiance congress has the authority to interstate, reglate, and international trade Tariff/trade compromse a tragic mistake, it prolonged the horror of importing slaves slave trade compromise the supreme law of teh land the constsitution type of govt. in which people elect representitivs to office Republic pathetic figure , wooden leg, was responsible for the actual wording of teh constitution Gouverneur morris "smelled a rat", and would not attend teh constitution patrick henry the framers of our new constituton feared most unlimited powers given to teh federl govt. by states delgaded powers powers both states and federal govt. use cocurrent powers the branch of govt. wit the power to make laws legislative power to interpret laws and declare them unconstitutional judicial Spain would not give access to thisplace during teh revolutionary war the port in New orleans division o powers between fedeal and state govt. federalsm types of powers which states give teh federal govt. regulating trade with othe rcountries The president can be accused of being unlawfully impeachment a rejection by teh prs., a law by teh congress veto a vote by congress, that can overule the pres. rejection 2/3 overide