| A | B |
|---|
| gene | segment of DNA that transmits information from parent to offspring |
| chromosome | rod-shaped structure formed from DNA & histones |
| centromere | protein disk at which two chromatids are attached |
| gamete | egg or sperm cell |
| nondisjunction | failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis |
| mutation | a change in DNA |
| autosomes | chromosomes not directly involved in determining sex |
| cell cycle | repeating sequence of growth & division |
| mitosis | process by which the nucleus of a cell is divided into 2 nuclei with the same number & kind of chromosomes |
| cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| prophase | first phase of mitosis |
| metaphase | second phase of mitosis |
| anaphase | third phase of mitosis |
| telophase | fourth phase of mitosis |
| meiosis | process by which chromosome number is divided in half |
