| A | B |
| decay | to go through decomposition |
| humus | a brown or black product of partial decay of plant or animal matter that forms the organic portion of soil |
| igneous rock | rock formed by hardening of melted earth |
| loam | a soil consisting of a loose easily crumbled mixture of varying amounts of clay, silt, and sand |
| metamorphic rock | rock changed into a more compact form by the action of pressure, heat, and water |
| nutrient | something that furnishes nourishment |
| ore | a mineral mined to obtain a substance that it contains |
| sedimentary rock | rock formed by or from material (as stones and sand) deposited by water, wind, or glaciers |
| crust | the outer part of the earth |
| core | the central part of the earth having different properties from those of the surrounding parts |
| earthquake | shaking or trembling of a portion of the earth |
| erosion | the action or process of wearing away by or as if by the action of water, wind, or glacial ice |
| lava | melted rock coming from a volcano |
| magma | molten rock material within the earth |
| mantle | the portion of the earth lying between the crust and the core |
| volcano | a vent in the earth's crust from which melted or hot rock and steam come out |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere in regard to heat or cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness or cloudiness |