| A | B |
| estivation | summer sleep |
| escarpments | steep cliffs separating African plateaus, create magnificent waterfalls |
| Kilimanjaro | highest peak in Sub-Saharan region |
| desertification | transformation of arable land into desert |
| overgrazing | a cause of desertification |
| cash crops | crops grown and raised for profit, lower prices and cause crop damage |
| few natural harbors | oceangoing ships cannot enter rivers |
| Sahel | separates Northern Sahara from Southern grasslands |
| gold | important resource in Africa |
| cataracts | waterfalls |
| Africa | second largest continent |
| Great Rift Valley | location of most of Africa's lakes |
| Sahel | steppe grasslands |