| A | B |
|---|
| absolute zero | the zero point o the Kelvin temperature scale, equivalent to -273 C; all molecular motion theoretically stops at this temperature |
| accepted value | a quantity used by general agreement of the scientific community |
| accuracy | the closeness of a measurement to the true of what is being measured |
| Celsius scale | the temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0 C and the boiling point is 100 C |
| density | the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume |
| error | the difference between the accepted value and the experimental value |
| experimental value | the quantitative value measured during an experiment |
| gram (g) | a metric mass unit equal to the mass of 1 cm3 of water at 4 C |
| hydrometer | a device used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid |
| International System of Units (SI) | the revised version of the metric system, adopted by international agreement in 1960 |
| Kelvin scale | the temperature scale in which the freezing point of water 273 K and the boiling point is 373 K |
| kilogram (kg) | the mass of 1 L of water at 4 C; it is the base unit of mass in SI |
| liter (L) | the volume of a cube measuring 10 centimeters on each edge (1000cm3); it is the common unprefixed unit of volume in the metric system |
| meter (m) | the base unit of length in SI |
| percent error | the percent that a measured value differs from the accepted value |
| precision | describes the closeness, or reproducibility, of a set of measurements taken under the same conditions |
| qualitative measurement | a measurement that gives descriptive, nonnumeric |
| quantitative measurement | a measurement that gives definite, usually numeric results |
| scientific notation | expression of numbers in the form n x 10n where n is equal to or greater that 1 and less than 10 and n is an integer |
| significant figures | all the digits that can be known precisely in a measurement, plus a last estimated digit |
| specific gravity | the ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance (usually water) |
| temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter; temperature determines the direction of heat transfer |
| volume | the space occupied by a sample of matter |
| weight | force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass |
