| A | B |
|---|
| geology | the study of earths physical structure and history |
| crust | the solid, rocky, surface layer of the earth |
| % of water on earth | 70 % of earths surface is covered by water |
| island | a land mass that one is smaller than a continent surrounded by water |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land having water on each side and joining two larger bodies of land |
| delta | triangular deposit at the mouth of a river. |
| lake | a large inland body of water |
| magma | the molten matter under the earths crust from which igneas eock is formed by coolinmg and hardening. |
| faults | a fracture or break in the earths crust |
| convection | is a circular movement caused when a material is heated |
| converging | when 2 types of the same plate meet |
| core | the center of the earth |
| continents | the large landmasses in the ocean |
| 4 major types of land forms | mountains, hills, plateus, and plains |
| archipelago | a large group of islands |
| penninsula | a strip of land that juts out into the ocean |
| gulf | a large area of a sea or ocean partially enclosed by land |
| butte | a hill that risessharply from the surrounding area and has a flat top |
| lava | magma or molten rock from earths mantel 5that breaks through the surface of the earth during volcanic activityolcanic activity |
| plate tectonics | the theory that earths outer shell is composed of a number of large unanored plates or slabs of rocks whos constant movement explains earth quakes and vlocanic activity. |
| sea floor spreading | using sonar scientists began to map the bottom of the oceans floor |
| spreading | when plates pull away from each other |
| faulting | when plates slip or grind past each other along faults |
| mantle | a thick layer of mostly solid rock beneath the earths crust that surrounds the earths crust. |
| relief | the differencews in elevation or height of the landforms in any particular area |
| straight | a land form where there is water |
| volcano | any opening in the earths crust through which molten rock are ejected |
| sound | vibrating frequinces which can be heard |
| canyon | landforms that are deep |
| volcanism | landforms in which there are volcanoes |
| fold | when rock layers bend and buckle |
| pangea | one single super continent |
| rift valley | a long spit along the crest of an under water mountain system where small earth quakes and volcanic eruptions frequently occur |
| subduction | when an oceanic plate meats a continental plate it slides under the lighter plate and down into the mantle |
| ring of fire | a ring of volcanic mountains surrounding the rim of the pacific ocean |
