Chapter 2 Vocabulary Review Chapter 2 Maps as Models of the Earth Tools A B cardinal directions north, south, east and west reference point a fixed place on the Earth's surface from which direction and location can be described map model or representation of the Earth true north physical location of north at the North Pole geographic north physical location or true north magnetic declination angle of correction between true north and geographic north equator latitude at zero degrees lines of latitude parallel lines that surround the Earth longitude imaginary lines that pass through the poles prime meridian passes through Greenwich, England zero degrees longitude prime meridian Mercator projection contents of a globe are projected on to a cylinder a map where distortion is greater at the poles mercator projection azimuthal projection transferring contents of a map onto a plane true directions are shown from one central point azimuthal projection conic projection contences of the globe onto a cone best for mapping land east to west conic projection remote sensing gathering information without really being there contour interval difference in elevation from one line to the next relief difference in elevation between the highest and the lowest points