| A | B |
| Edwin L. Drake | Successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil near Titusville, Pennsylvania. |
| Bessemer process | A cheap and efficient process for making steel, developed around 1850. |
| Thomas Alva Edison | Perfected the incandescent light bulb and followed up his envention with an entire system by producing and distributing electrical power. |
| Christopher Sholes | Invented the typewriter in 1867. |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Unveiled the telephone along with Thomas Watson in 1876. |
| Transcontinental railroad | A railroad line linking the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the U.S, completed in 1869. |
| George M. Pullman | Biult a factory for manufacturing sleepers and other railroad cars on the prairie miles from the center of Chicago. |
| Credit Mobilier | A construction company formed in 1868 by owners of the Union Pacific Railroad, who used it to fraudulently skim off railroad profits for themselves. |
| Munn v. Illinois | An 1877 case in which the Supreme Court upheld states' regulation of railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers. |
| Interstate Commerce Act | A law, enacted in 1887, that reestablished the federal government's right to supervise railroad activities and created a five-member Interstate Commerce Commission to do so. |