| A | B |
|---|
| Name the 5 accessory structures of the eye. | Eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, extrinsic eye muscles. |
| A & P name for the eyelids. | Palpebrae |
| Thick fold of connective tissue that gives form and support to the eyelids. | Tarsal plate |
| Inner lining of the eyelid. | Palpebral conjunctiva |
| Outermost covering of the front portion of the eyeball, covers cornea and anterior sclera. | Bulbar conjunctiva |
| Glands associated with the hair follicles of the eyelashes are the ___ glands. | Sebaceous ciliary glands or glands of Zeis |
| Tears are produced by the ___ glands and pour onto the anterior surface of the eyeball through ___ ___ ducts. | Lacrimal glands / excretory lacrimal ducts |
| Tears drain through the superior & inferior lacrimal ___ into the superior and inferior ___ ___. | Puncta / lacrimal canals |
| Lacrimal canals empty into the lacrimal ___, which then forms the ____ duct. | Sac / nasolacrimal duct |
| Name the extrinsic eye muscles. | Superior rectus, inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique. |
| What is the function of the extrinsic eye muscles? | Point the eyes in the proper direction, directly toward the object being viewed. |
| The extrinsic eye muscles are which of the 3 types of muscle? | Skeletal |
| We call the area where upper & lower lids meet the corner of the eye. What 2 A & P terms are used to name this area? | Canthus or commissure |
| The conjunctiva is what type of tissue? | Very thin mucous membrane. |
| The area where cornea and sclera meet is called the ___. | Limbus |
| The fibrous tunic of the eye consists of what 2 parts? | Cornea & sclera |
| What is the A & P name for the white of the eye? | Sclera |
| Which 2 eye structures are avascular? | Cornea & lens |
| What does avascular mean? | No blood vessels |
| The clear window on the anterior surface of the eyeball that allows light rays to reach the pupil is the ___. | Cornea |
| The outermost layer of the eyeball is called the ___ tunic? | Fibrous |
| The middle layer of the eyeball is the ___ tunic. | Vascular tunic or uvea |
| Name the 3 parts of the vascular tunic, starting at the back of the eyeball. | Choroid, ciliary body, iris. |
| Describe the choroid. | Dark brown to black layer that lines the posterior 3/4 of the eyeball. |
| What are the 2 functions of the choroid? | Nourishes the retina (by diffusion from its many blood vessels) and absorbs light rays after they once strike the retina. |
| Name the 2 parts of the ciliary body. | Clilary muscle and ciliary processes. |
| What is the function of the ciliary processes? | Capillaries within them secrete aqueous humor. |
| What is the function of the ciliary muscle? | Adjusts the shape of the lens for near & far vision. |
| Name the colored part of the eye. | Iris |
| The opening in the center of the iris is the ___. | Pupil |
| Size of the pupil is adjusted according to the amount of ___ present. | Light |
| Intrinsic eye muscles are part of which 2 eye structures? | Iris and ciliary body |
| Intrinsic eye muscles are which of the 3 types of muscle? | Smooth |
| Name the 2 functions of the intrinsic eye muscles. | Adjust the size of the pupil and change the shape of the lens. |
| The nervous tunic of the eye is also known as the ___. | Retina |
| The anterior edge of the retina is called the ___ ___. | Ora serrata |
| Name the 3 layers of neurons in the retina, beginning nearest the choroid. | Photoreceptor neurons, bipolar neurons, ganglion neurons. |
| Name the 2 additional type of neurons in the retina, which do not form separate layers but contribute to processing of visual information. | Horizontal cells and amacrine cells. |
| Axons of the ___ neurons form the optic nerves. | Ganglion |
| Name the 2 types of photoreceptor neurons. | Rods & cones |
| The part of the retina that is in the exact center and contains only cones is the___ ___, which is a small depression within the ___ ___. | Central fovea / macula lutea |
| The area of no vision in the retina is the ___ ___. | Optic disc |
