| A | B |
|---|
| Gamete | Sex cell; sperm and egg; contains half the number of chromosomes as a body cell |
| Cross-pollination | Pollination that occurs between two different plants |
| Self-pollination | Pollination that occurs from the same plant |
| Genotype | The genetic make-up of an organism |
| Phenotype | The physical appearance of an organism |
| Gregor Mendel | "Father of Genetics" |
| Dominate Allele | Dictates the phenotype of a specific trait; identified by capital letters |
| Recessive Allele | Seems to hide its phenotype when crossed with a dominate trait; identified by lower case letters |
| Purebred | Offspring that has inherited same genotype for specific trait(s) from both parents; genotype will have both capital letters or lower case letters |
| Hybrid | Offspring that has inherited different genotype for specific trait(s) from both parents; genotype will have both capital and lower case letters |
| Co-dominance | The combination of two dominate traits that result in a blending of the phenotypes |
| Law of Independent Assortment | States traits are inherited independently |
| Probability | Process that scientist use to predict genetic crosses |
| Punnett Squares | Chart that is used to show possible genetic outcomes to a specific cross |
| Chromosome Theory | States that genes are carried on an organism's chromosomes |
| Sex Chromosomes | Female - XX; Male -XY |
| Meiosis | Cell division process that process that produces sex cells |
| Homozygous | Purebred; like alleles for a particular trait; example:TT or tt |
| Heterozygous | Hybrid; different alleles for a particular trait; example: Tt |
| Nitrogen Bases | Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine; make up genes on chromosomes |
