An artificial waterway cut through the Isthmus of Panama to provide a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, opened in 1914.
Roosevelt corollary
An extension of the Monroe Doctrine in 1904, which the U.S. claimed the right to protect its economic interest by means of military intervention in the affairs of Western Hemisphere.
Dollar diplomacy
A policy aimed at furthering the interests of the United States abroad by encouraging the investment of U.S. capital in foreign countries.
Francisco "Pancho" Villa
Mexican revolutionary leader who ran unsuccessfully for the presidency after the Mexican Revolution in 1910.
John J. Pershing
A general that led an expeditionary force of about 15,000 soldiers in persuit of Villa.
