| A | B |
|---|
| Name the primary lymphatic organs | Red bone marrow & thymus gland |
| Name the secondary lymphatic organs | Spleen, lymph nodes, lymphatic nodules |
| Primary lymphatic organ with capsule & lobules; each lobule has its own cortex and medulla | Thymus gland |
| Secondary lymphatic organ with smooth muscle in capsule | Spleen |
| Site of production of B cells | Red bone marrow |
| Site of production of T cells | Red bone marrow |
| Site of maturation of B cells | Red bone marrow |
| Site of maturation of T cells | Thymus |
| Largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body | Spleen |
| Contains white pulp and red pulp | Spleen |
| Two organs that carry out phagocytosis of worn-out RBC & platelets | Liver & spleen |
| Organ that is extremely important in phagocytosis of bacteria traveling in the blood | Spleen |
| Most immune responses occur in what type of tissue? | Secondary lymphatic tissue |
| Tonsils consist of large aggragations of ____ ____. | Lymphatic nodules |
| Name the 3 kinds of tonsils | Pharyngeal (adenoid); palatine; lingual |
| First line of defense in nonspecific resistance | Skin and mucous membranes |
| Second line of defense in nonspecific resistance | 3 substances in deeper tissues: interferons, complement, transferrin |
| Chemicals released by NK cells and cytotoxic T cells and how they work | Perforins (jab holes in plasma membranes) & lymphokines (cause destruction of DNA) |
| Major cells in phagocytosis | Macrophages (which develop from monocytes) and neutrophils |
| Cells that phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes | Eosinophils |
| Name the 4 phases of phagocytosis and briefly explain each | 1) Chemotaxis--attraction of phagocytic cells; 2) Adherence--attachment of particle to plasma membrane of phagocyte; 3) Ingestion--particle brought in sealed in phagosome; 4) Digestion & killing--lysosome enzymes & oxidants kill microbe if all goes well |
| Four constant signs of inflammation: | Redness, heat, swelling, and pain |
| Functions of inflammatory response | 1) Clean up site of injury; 2) Dispose of foreign matter; 3) Dispose of microbes & toxins; 4) Prevent spread of microbes |
| 3 stages of inflammatory response | 1) Vasodilation and increased permeabolity; 2) Phagocytic migration; 3) Repair |
| How do NK cells differ from cytotoxic T cells? | NK cells do not have specific antigen receptors; we are not sure how they recognize their targets; they may destroy some near-by healthy cells along with the abnormal ones |
| How do cilia and mucus in respiratory mucous membranes work together? | Mucus traps microbes & foreign matter; cilia propel this mucus toward the outside |
| Tiniest lymphatic vessels are called lymph ____; as vessels get larger they resemble what blood vessels? | Capillaries / veins |
| Sepcial lymphatic vessels in villi of small intestine are called ___. | Lacteals |
| We have ___ principal lymphatic trunks. The paired ones are ___, ____, ___, and ___. The single one is the ___. | 9 / lumbar, bronchomediastinal, jugular & subclavian. Intestinal is single. |
| The thoracic duct receives the lymph from what areas of the body? | Entire body below the ribs; left arm, left chest, left head & neck. |
