| A | B |
|---|
| Anything that is recognized by the immune system as foreign and provokes an immune response | Antigen |
| Cells responsible for the immune response (both types) | B and T lymphocytes |
| Specific cells responsible for cell-mediated immunity | Cytotoxic T cells |
| Specific cell type that develops into cytotoxic Ts | CD8+ T-cells |
| Form of T cell that leaves the bone marrow and travels to the thymus gland | Pre-T cells |
| Cells responsible for antibody-mediated immunity | B cells |
| Form of B cell that has been activated and is able to produce antibodies | Plasma cell |
| Three things that cell-mediated immunity is best against | Intracellular pathogens, some cancer cells, and foreign tissue transplants |
| Two things antibody-mediated immunity is best against | Antigens dissolved in body fluids and extracellular pathogens |
| The most common type of "germ" that invades cells and causes harm from the inside is: | Viruses |
| Type of "germ" that is usually extracellular | Bacteria |
| The specific portions of an antigen that trigger an immune response are called ___. | Epitopes |
| Both mature B cells and mature T cells have on their surface specific antigen ____. | Receptors |
| ____ molecules are built into the plasma membrane of all nucleated body cells. | MHC-I |
| ____ molecules appear only on the surface of APCs, thymic cells, and activated T cells. | MHC-II |
| The most common APCs are either ___ or ____ cells, which are nonspecific. | Macrophages and dendritic cells |
| ___ cells can only recognize their antigen when presented by an APC. | T cells |
| Specific type of T cells that are needed for activation of both branches of the immune response. | Helper T cells |
| Specific type of T cell that becomes a helper T. | CD4+ T cell |
| Small protein hormones that influence many cell functions, including a number of those occurring in the immune response. | Cytokines |
| Cytokines secreted by helper T cells and APCs. | Interleukins--IL-2 is one of the most important ones. |
| Class of antibodies that make up the majority of circulating antibodies and cross the placenta before birth. | IgG |
| Class of antibodies associated with mucous membranes and breast milk. | IgA |
| Class of antibodies associated with quick response to a first exposure | IgM |
| Class of antibodies associated with activation of B cells | IgD |
| Class of antibodies associated with allergies and protection from parasitic worms | IgE |
| Immunity resulting from exposure to a pathogen | Naturally acquired active |
| Immunity resulting from a vaccine | Artificially acquired active |
| Immunity resulting from transfer of antibodies from mother to baby | Naturally acquired passive |
| Immunity resulting from administration of IgG antibodies purified from plasma (gamma globulin) | Artificially acquired passive |
| Result when T cells that respond to self are active in the body | Autoimmune disease |
| Positive selection of T cells | T cells that cannot recognize self are killed off in the thymus |
| Negative selection of T cells | T cells that recognize self but do not choose NOT TO RESPOND to it are either killed or inactivated (anergized) |
