| A | B |
|---|
| Democritus | Gave us the Atomos concept |
| Democritus | Developed early concepts of matter |
| John Dalton | Gave us the first working Atomic Theory |
| John Dalton | Coined the word "atom" |
| John Dalton | Gave us the "billiard ball" model of a solid atom |
| JJ Thompson | Discovered negative electrical charges in atoms |
| JJ Thompson | Discovered the Electron |
| JJ Thompson | Gave us the "Plum Pudding" model of the atom |
| Ernest Rutherford | Conducted the famous Gold Foil Experiment |
| Ernest Rutherford | Discoverer of the Proton |
| Ernest Rutherford | Proved the existance of the nucleus |
| Ernest Rutherford | Proved most of the atom is empty |
| Niels Bohr | Discovered 7 electron shells |
| Niels Bohr | Developed the Planetary Model of the Atom |
| Quantum Mechanics | Modern Model of the atom |
| Quantum Mechanics | Attempts to pinpoint electron positions in atoms |
| Atoms | fundamental particles of matter |
| Atoms | Last stage particle that has the characteristics of a larger mass |
| Atoms | 92 naturally occuring particles of matter |
| Periodic Chart | Developed to illustrate atoms characteristics |
| Protons | Positively charged particles in the nucleus |
| Neutrons | Neutral charged particles in the nucleus |
| Nucleus | center portion of an atom where protons and neutrons can be found |
| Electrons | Negatively charged particles found outside the nucleus |
| Electron shells | 7 "regions" where electrons orbit |
| 1 Shell | consists of the 1s subshell |
| 1 shell | can only hold 2 electrons |
| 2 shell | consists of 2s and 2p subshells |
| 2 shell | can only hold 8 electrons |
| 3 shell | consists of a s, p and d subshell |
| 3 shell | can only hold 18 electrons |
| 4 shell | holds s, p, d, f subshell |
| 4 shell | can only hold 32 electrons |
| 5 shell | holds s, p, d, f, g subshells |
| 5 shell | can only hold 50 electrons |
| 6 shell | can only hold 72 electrons |
| 7 shell | can only hold 98 electrons |
| s subshell | subshell that can hold 2 electrons |
| p subshell | subshell that can hold 6 electrons |
| d subshell | subshell that can hold 10 electrons |
| f subshell | subshell that can hold 14 electrons |
| first quantum number | identifies the shell the electron is in |
| second quantum number | identifies the subshell the electron is in |
| third quantum number | identifies the orbital the electron is in while in it's subshell |
| fourth quantum number | identifies the magnetic spin of the electron in it's orbital |
| Up arrows | indicate positive magnetic spins |
| Down arrows | indicate negative magnetic spins |
| One orbital | amount of orbitals in a s subshell |
| Three orbitals | amount of orbitals in a p subshell |
| Five orbitals | amount of orbitals in a d subshell |
| Seven orbitals | amount of orbitals in a f subshell |
| electron configuration | plotting of the electron positions in an atom |
| Valence | amount of electrons in the outermost shell |
| electron dot notation | way of writing valances of atoms |
| Atomic Number | Amount of protons in an atom |
| Mass Number | Amount of total neutrons and protons in an atom |
| Mass Number | Same as Atomic Mass or Weight |
| Atomic Number | Also the amount of electrons in a stable atom |
| Atomic Symbol | Letter designation of an element |
| Metals | Most atoms are metals |
| Metals | Conductive elements |
| Nonmetals | Insulator elements |
| Metalloids | Semi conductor elements |
| Inert Substances | Noble Gas elements |
| Noble Gas elements | Have a valence of 8 |
| Rule of 4 | Each subshell has 4 more electrons than the previous one |
| Rule of 8 | No atom will more than 8 electrons in it's outermost shell |
