| A | B |
|---|
| Natural Rights | John Locke describes as Life, Liberty, Happiness,  |
| State of Nature | Imaginary situation in which government does not exist |
| Law of Nature | Tenet that obligates everyone that no one ought to harm another's natural rights |
| Social Contract | Describes how the power of the governed given to government for protection of natural rights |
| Implicit Consent | "Tacit", agreement by acceptance. |
| Democracy | A form of government in which political control is exercised by all the people, either directly or through representatives. Authority is based on the will of the majority. |
| Constitutional Government | Powers of government are both written and unwritten and based on laws on customs in this form of Government. |
| Checks & Balances | A system of shared powers preventing dominance of one group over another. |
| Civic Virtue | Describes behaviors in which public participation in which individual interest are subordinated to the common good |
| Montesquieu | He promoted divided or mixed government and a balance of power. He believed that parliment mixed the interest of the people with the interest of the "common good". |
| Madison | He believed a republican government could exist with competing factions. Created the U.S. Constitution. |
| Providence | Wort that describes God’s involvement in world affairs |
| Middle Ages | The period of time between the fifth century and the Renaissance |
| Christendom | This medieval belief describes how society was united in the middle Ages.,  |
| Reformation | Religious movement stressing individual interpretation of the bible in contrast to universal Catholicism,  |
| Secular Government | a system of political power not exercised by ecclesial (religious) bodies or the clergy. |
| Renaissance | —“Rebirth” or revival of intellectual life that began in Italy after the middle Ages,  |
| Age of Enlightenment | Time period characterized by an intellectual movement of the late 17th early 18th century that sparked the natural rights philosophical approach to government. |
| Feudalism | economic system in the middle ages characterized by contracted land ownership.,  |
| Vassal | Name of the contractual arrangement where land is exchange for protection between a knight and his lord.,  |
| Contracts | These agreements of exchange must have mutual benefit to be legal |
| Common Law | Accumulated legal decisions which become the basis for legal decisions by judges |
| Magna Carta | Document that established due process rights for the nobility |
| Due Process | Government must use consistent procedures and rules in applying the law in a society |
| Parliament | Name given to the British Legislature |
| House of Lords | legislative branch of parliament that was made up of the Nobility and Clergy |
| House of Commons | Representative branch of parliament’s legislature |
| Petition of Rights | legal protections, such as not taxation without a say and no quartering of troops, were given to the British people for the first time |
| Habeas Corpus Act | Due process law where the accused must be presented to a jury |
| English Bill of Rights | applied principles of the rule of law, parliamentary supremacy, and government by contract to English Government. |
| Rule of Law | Laws, and not the executers of laws, govern social behaviors. |
| Mayflower Compact | Contract that gave Plymouth colonials a civil authority empowered by the people (Popular Sovereignty),  |
| Primogeniture | Property is handed down to the eldest son explaining the continued concentration of wealth in Britain. |
| Fundamental Order of Connecticut | The first colonial constitution applying principles that would be adapted by other colonies and by the new country |
| Suffrage | The right to vote |
| Seven Years War | Colonist were made to pay for this British conflict |
| Quartering Act | Colonist had to feed and house British Troops |
| Stamp Act | Legal documents were charged under this tax. |
| Boston Massacre | Arbitrary rule, not the rule of law, prevailed in this tragedy provoked by the British Army |
| Intolerable Acts | By closing trade harbors the royal governor was strengthened and the courts and local legislatures were made weak |
| Absolute Veto | This power of the colonial Governors gave them control over laws |
| Legislative Supremacy | Gives most power to the most democratic branch of government |
| Popular Sovereignty | Political power is held by the people |
| Virginia Declaration of Rights | The personal protections included in this document were used by Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence |
| George Mason | He opposed the constitution because it had no bill of rights, unlike his Virginia declaration |
| Name the presidential Candidate |  |
