| A | B |
|---|
| Enzymes belong to which major group of organic molecules? | Proteins |
| Enzymes are described as biological ____. | Catalysts |
| The most important characteristic of enzymes is that they lower the _________. | Activation energy (energy required to cause reactions to begin) |
| True or false--reactions catalyzed by enzymes could never occur at all without the enzyme present. | False--the reaction could occur but at a rate too slow to sustain life. |
| The protein portion of an enzyme is the ___. | Apoenzyme |
| An organic molecule that must combine with the apoenzyme to make the active form is called a ____. | Coenzyme |
| An inorganic component that must combine with the apoenzyme to make the active form is called a ___. | Cofactor |
| The complete, functional form of an enzyme is called the ____. | Holoenzyme |
| The ____ is the substance on which the enzyme acts. | Substrate |
| The special area of an enzyme molecule into which the substrate fits is called the ___. | Active site |
| How do vitamins relate to coenzymes? | Many coenzymes are vitamins. |
| Most enzyme names end in ___. | --ase |
| Enzymes are delicate. Name some things that denature (inactivate) enzymes. | Unsuitable temperature, pH, or ion concentrations; presence of heavy metals. |
| Denaturing an enzyme (or any other protein) means destroying the _____ shape of the molecule. | 3-dimensional |
| Turnover rate of an enzyme is: | The number of reactions catalyzed per second |
| If the end product of a metabolic pathway builds up and interacts with an enzyme early in the pathway to shut down that one reaction, this is ___ ___ and results in shutdown of the entire pathway. | Feedback inhibition |
| If an enzyme is inhibited by something other than the substrate fitting into the active site, this is ____ inhibition. | Competetive |
| If an enzyme is inhibited by having the shape of the active site changed as a molecule attaches to some part other than the active site, this is _____ inhibition. | Non-competetive or allosteric |
