| A | B |
|---|
| cell | a membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life |
| stimulus | a change in an organism's environment that affects the activity of the organism |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a stable internal environment |
| asexual reproduction | a single parent produces offspring that are identical to the parent |
| sexual reproduction | almost always requires two parents to produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents |
| DNA | heredity material that controls all the activities of the cell, contains information to make new cells, and provides instructions for making proteins |
| heredity | the transmission of characteristics from one generation to the next |
| metabolism | all of the chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| producer | organisms that make their own food |
| consumer | an organism that must take in (eat) other organisms to get food |
| decomposer | organisms that get their food by breaking down the nutrients in dead organisms or animal wastes |
| proteins | composed of amino acids; functions include regulating chemical reactions, transporting and storing materials, and providing support |
| photosynthesis | process by which organisms such as plants capture energy from sunlight and convert it into energy in stored food |
| amino acids | link together to make proteins |
| nucleotides | link together to make nucleic acids |
| carbohydrate | group of compounds made up of sugars; used as a source of energy and for energy storage |
| lipid | fats and oils; cannot mix with water; store energy |
| simple carbohydrate | one or a few sugar molecules linked together |
| complex carbohydrate | hundreds of sugar molecules linked together; starch |
| phospholipid | molecules that form the cell membrane |
| ATP | fuel for the activities of the cell that require energy |
| enzyme | special protein that speeds up chemical processes |
| hemoglobin | special protein in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen so that oxygen can be carried to the rest of the body |
