| A | B |
|---|
| People who study rocks | Geologist |
| Sheets of ice | Glaciers |
| Most people believe the first Americans came across this | Land Bridge |
| The land bridge is now what body of water? | Bering Strait |
| What two continents did the land bridge connect? | Asia and the Americas |
| What physical evidence is there that the first people came on the land bridge? | fold of skin on eye, black hair and dark eyes, mongoloid spot |
| What is specialization? | Not everyone had to farm, people could do different jobs |
| The descendents of the first people to reach the Americas were called________? | Native Americans |
| Objects made by humans | artifacts |
| The study of evidence left by early people | archeology |
| What are the two types of archeological dating? | relative and absolute |
| What is the difference between relative and absolute dating? | Relative tells you about when it was made and absolute tells you the exact date it was made |
| This is also called tree ring counting | Dendrochronology |
| How does carbon 14 dating work? | All living things have carbon in it. When something dies, it starts losing carbon at a set rate. Scientists measure how much carbon is left to get an idea of how old it is. |
| A way of life of a people is their _______ | culture |
| What were the four types of mounds that the mound builders built? | (burial mounds, temple mounds, geometric mounds, and effigy mounds |
| What did it tell archeologists when they found objects from other places in these mounds? | That the mound builders traded |
| This is the only prehistoric site north of Mexico | Monk's Mound in Cahokia, Illinois |
| The Anasazi Pueblos used _______ to make their houses | adobe |
| Why did Columbus call the first Americans Indians? | He thought he had reached the West Indies |
| The people of the artic were called ______ | Inuits |
| Houses of the Inuits were called ____ | Igloos |
| Could the Inuits live in the same place all of the time? | no, they had to move from the coast in the winter to further inland in the summer |
| The people of the Northwest Coast had a ceremony called a potlash, what was it? | A ceremonial dinner to show off their wealth |
| This group of people built hogans for their houses | Navajo's |
| The Native Americans that settled in our region as a group were called ___________ | Plains Indians |
| What is a travois? | A sled pulled by dogs that carried their belongings |
| Cone shaped tents made of buffalo hides were called _____ | Tepees |
| How did horses change the way of life for Native Americans? | Made the hunt easier, almost led to the extinction of the buffalo |
| Who brought the first horses to the Americas? | Spanish explorers |
| This was a Plains Indian tribe that had a civil government system | Cheyenne |
| Their society was centered around the sun | Natchez |
| The marriage laws of the Natchez required wealthy to marry ______ | Stinkards |
| This Native American tribe had the Five Nations | Iroquois |
| What unique role did women play in the Iroquois tribe? | Chose clan leaders, were in charge of planting and harvesting, owned all property, moved in with the mother's family |
| What are the characteristics that are needed for a civilization? | Building of cities, organized government, social classes, specialized jobes, complex religion, some method of keeping records |
| What was the earliest known American Civilization? | Olmecs |
| They lived in present day Mexico and Guatemala | Aztecs |
| What are heiroglyphics | A system of writing that uses pictures |
| What happened to the Mayas | we aren't sure |
| They had a number system with a concept of zero | Mayas |
| which groups created an accurate calendar? | Mayas and Aztecs |
| What was the capital of the Aztecs? | Tenochtitlan |
| What are causeways and who built them? | Raised roads that connected the island with the mainland. They were built by Incas |
| What are chinampas? | floating gardens built by the Aztecs |
| What did the Aztecs worship? | the sun |
| The Aztec emperor had _____ which meant total authority over the people | absolute power |
| What did Aztecs do with prisoners of war? | sacrificed them to the Gods |
| This civilization developed in South America. | Incas |
| What was the capital of the Incas? | Cuzco |
| What mountains did the Incans inhabit? | Andes Mountains |
| Who built terraces? | Incas |
| What are terraces? | Stairsteps into the mountains |
| What are aqueducts? | Raised channels that carried water to the terraces from distant rivers |
| Which ancient civilization had some knowlege of medicine? | Incas- used quinine to treat maleria, performed brain surgury and lessened pain |
| This civiliztion was said to have a city of gold | Incas |
| The first people to reach the Americas were the ______ | Vikings |
| He led the Vikings | Lief Erickson |
| What is the Columbian Exchange? | The worldwide exchange of goods and ideas that started with Columbus |
| How have Native Americans influenced our lives? | food, many words we use today are descended from the Native Americans, snowshoes, designs in pottery and leatherwork, concern with the environment, and games such as lacrosse |
