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| We discussed nine reasons Hitler was able to become chancellor. What were they? | Long term bitterness, Ineffective Weimar Constitution, financial support of wealthy businessmen, propaganda, programmes, attacks on other parties, personal qualities, the economic depression, and he was recruited by Hindenburg. |
| Who started the German Worker's Party? | Anton Drexler |
| What is a nationalist? | someone who believes in the greatness of their country |
| What does a socialist believe? | that the state should benefit everyone equally |
| What is gleichschaltung? | The Nazi plan to gain control over all German life. |
| We discussed several reasons Hitler was able to establish a dictatorship. What were they? | Reichstag Fire, Decree for the Protection of teh People and the State, The Enabling Act, Sending Political Prisoners to concentration camps, The Night of the Long Knives, The Death of Hindenburg, the swearing of loyalty oaths |
| Who was blamed for the Reichstag fire? | Van der Lubbe, a Communist |
| What actions did Hitler take after the burning of the Reichstag? | He dissolved the Reichstag and called for new elections. He issued an emergency degree that put Berlin and the state of Prussia under the hands of von Papen, Hermann Goring (a friend of Hitler) became minister of the Interior and took control of the police. He ordered the police to not interfere with the SA or the SS under any circumstances. |
| What was the decree for the Protection of the People and the State? | It placed restrictions on personal liberty, on the right to free expression of opinion, allowed for violations of privacy of postal, telegraphic and telephonic communications. |
| What was the result of the decree for the Protection of the People and the State? | Many Communists were rounded up and taken to prison camps or were killed. |
| Who was Hitler's Minister of Propaganda? | Dr. Joseph Goebbels |
| This act said that Hitler could rule alone and their was no need to consult the Reichstag. | The Enabling Act |
| What Act gave Hitler the right to make his own laws. | The Enabling Act |
| Name two famous people who left Germany after the Enabling Act was signed. | Sigmund Freud and Albert Einstein |
| What was the first prison camp where many political prisoners were sent? | Dachau |
| Who was the Kommadant of Dachau | Theodor Eicke |
| Who was the head of the SA? | Ernst Rohm |
| What was the nickname of the SA? | the brownshirts |
| This was the name of the stormtroopers who were largely responsible for putting Hitler into power. | SA |
| What was the name of the German regular army? | German General Staff |
| Under the Treaty of Versailles, how many troops could be in the German General Staff? | 100,000 |
| What did Hitler promise the German General Staff in order to get their support? | He would restore them to their former glory by breaking the shackles of the Treaty of Versailles which limited them to 100,00 men. |
| What does the SA stand for? | Sturmabteilung |
| Why was their a conflict between the SA and the German General Staff? | The SA had been responsible for getting Hitler into power and they thought they would replace the traditional Germany army and take over. |
| Why did the average German citizen dislike the Brownshirts? | They had ganster-like behavior which included extorting money form local shop oweners, driving around in fancy new cars showing off, getting drunk, beating up and even murdering innocent people for fun. |
| Within the SA was a highly disciplined group that was led by Heinrich Himmler. Who were they? | The SS (Schutzstaffel) |
| Who originally started the SS? | Herman Goring |
| Who was second in command of the SS? | Reinhard Heydrich |
| President Paul von Hindenburg also told Hitler he needed to take care of the SA or he would do what? | declare martial law and let the German army take over the country. |
| Who were the three main people involved in spreading rumors about Rohm and the SA and also in reporting these rumors to Hitler? | Heinrich Himmler, Reinhard Heydrich, and Hermann Goring |
| Who gave the go-ahead for the rounding up of the SA leaders, including Rohm? | Hitler |
| What was the prearranged code that the purge should go ahead? | Kolibri (Hummingbird) |
| As a result of this purge, what was the final outcome to Rohm? | He was killed |
| What name is given to the purge of the SA and its leaders? | The Night of Long Knives |
| Who shot Rohm? | Dachau Kommandant, Theodor Eicke |
| How did President Hindenburg react to the Night of Long Knives? | He sent a congratulatory telegram to Hitler |
| How did Hitler explain the purge of the SA to the German people. | He took full responsibility and said that he was responsible for the German people. |
| After the Night of the Long Knives, who was the only person that stood in Hitler's way to becoming the dictator of Germany? | Paul von Hindenburg |
| Hitler decided that after Hindenburg's death, he should succeed Hindenburg, not as president, but instead as this title. | Fuhrer (Supreme Leader) |
| Who was an old-time conservative that believed upon Hindenburg's death, Germany should return to a constitutional monarchy? | Franz von Papen |
| How did von Papen attempt to get this return to a Constitutional Monarchy? | He persuaded Hindenburg to put in his will that upon his death Germany should become a monarchy, then, shortly before his death, Hindenburg changed his mind and instead drafted a letter to Hitler to be delivered after his death, that this was his wish. |
| How did Hitler react to the letter from Hindenburg that he should create a constitutional monarchy? | He thought it was laughable. |
| What law did the Reichstag pass after Hindenburg's death? | Hindenburg died Aug. 2nd, within hours, the Reichstag announced a law that was back-dated to Aug. 1st. It said that the office of Reich President and Reich Chancellor would be combined. |
| After Hitler was proclaimed Fuhrer what did he require all soldiers in the German army and all public officials to do? | Take an oath of loyalty to Hitler, not to the country of Germany. |
| After Hitler proclaimed himself Fuhrer, how did he legitimize his position to the eyes of the world? | He called for a new election, with all of his opposition gone, about 95% or the registered voters in Germany voted and 90% of the vote went to Hitler. |
| Two weeks after the election, Hitler held the annual Nazi rally where? | At Nuremberg |
| Hitler had Leni Riefenstahl film the entire week-long Nuremberg rally and it was made into a movie. What was the name of the movie? | Triumph of the Will |
| Once Hitler became the dictator, what six methods did Hitler use to stay in control? | He used the teror state, the one party state, religion, racism, propaganda, the workforce, and race. |
| Who ran both the Gestapo and the SS? | Heinrich Himmler |
| Which section of the Gestapo dealt with the "Jewish Question"? | B4 |
| Which groups of people were considered Enemies of the State? | Communists, Social Democrats, Jews, Trade Unionists, Work Shy, Homosexuals, Gypsies, Germans who bought from Jews, Radical Christian Organizations, Anyone who criticized Hitler or the Nazi Party. |
| How did the Terror State Work? | Gestapo spies inform on you, you are awaken during the night and thrown into a police cell, days or weeks later you are interviewed and asked to sign a D 11, you are sent to a concentration camp, you are imprisoned for up to six months doing hard physical labor, and if you are released, you tell everyone what has happened to you. |
| Which law declared the Nazi party was the only legal political party in Germany? | Law Against the Formation of Parties |
| What advantages were there to belonging to the Nazi party? | you would get a better job, better house, and special privledges. |
| How did the German Labour Front affect German Workers? | It reduced their pay, took away their right to strike, and sent men on public works programs |
| What was the Strength Through Joy Movement? | offered workers picnics, free trips to the cinema, and to the very few, free holidays |
| This said teh Nazis would leave the Catholic Church alone if they stayed out of politics. | Concordat with the Pope |
| This term describes racism against the Jews. | Anti-Semitism |
| Which law took away German Citizenship from the Jews? | Racial Purity Law |
| How did Hitler's rule affect German schools? | Anti-Nazi teachers and university professors were replaced, school lessons included hidden indoctrination |
| What was the Law for the Encouragement of Marriage? | It gave newlyweds a loan of 1,000 marks and they could keep 250 marks for every child they had |
| What reward was given to mothers who had more than eight children? | They were given a gold medal. |
| How did Hitler's regime affect the German youth? | Nazi Youth Group for young boys, Nazis treated young boys and girls as if they were special, they told the youth that they knew more than their parents. |
| This was a term used by the Nazis which means subhuman. People the Nazis thought wer racially or socially inferior were referred to as this. | Untermensch |
| Which groups of people were considered Untermensch? | Black people, Jews, Gypsies, Mentally disabled, and Physically disabled. |
| The use of media to aggressively promote one point of view is called _________. | Propaganda |
| He was the last President of Germany during the Weimar Republic | Paul von Hindenburg |
| This was the name of Hitler's secret police | Gestapo |
| Who finanacially backed Hitler's rise to power? | Henry Ford, the German I.G. Farben Plant, WA Harriman and Company (an American shipping and railway company), Irenee du Pont (head of General Motors) |
