| A | B |
|---|
| buffer | a chemical that resists change in pH |
| acid | pH from 0 to 7 |
| base | ph from 7 to 14 |
| neutral | pH 7 |
| carbohydrate | contains CHO, with 2H for each O |
| lipid | contains CHO with lttle O compared to H |
| protein | contains CHON, sometimes S |
| nucleic acid | contains CHONP |
| -NH2 | amino group (base) |
| -COOH | carboxyl group (acid) |
| -PO4 | phosphate group (acid) |
| -R | variable group of an amino acid |
| -OH | alcohol group |
| OH- (negative superscript) | hydroxyl ion (base) |
| H3O+ (positive superscript) | hydronium ion (acid) |
| polarity | unequal charge on a molecule |
| adhesion | water sticking to something other than water |
| cohesion | water sticking to water |
| aqueous solution | when water is the solvent |
| surface tension | polarity making water act as if it has a "skin" on the surface |
| homeostasis | same stable condition, example: pH is maintained by buffers |
| capillary action | the movement of water upward due to adhesion and cohesion |
| formula of water | H2O |
| formula of hydrogen peroxide | H2O2 |
| formula of carbon dioxide | CO2 |
| formula of glucose | C6H12O6 |
| formula of table salt | NaCl |
| formula of sodum hydroxide | NaOH |
| formula of hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| exothermic reaction | gives off energy |
| endothermic reaction | absorbs energy |
| ATP | carries energy for reactions in the body |
| hydrophobic | repelled by water |
| hydrophillic | attracted by water |
| activation energy | energy needed to start a reaction |
| substrate | the molecule an enzyme changes |
| products | the molecules that result when an enzyme acts |
| enzyme | catalyst in living things |
