| A | B |
|---|
| atom | the smallest particle of an element |
| nucleus | center of atoms where protons and neutrons are |
| electron | small negatively charged particle orbiting the atom's nucleus |
| element | a pure substance that has only 1 kind of atom |
| compound | a substance formed by 2 or more elements |
| ionic bond | atoms coming together because of electron transfer |
| ion | a charged atom or molecule |
| covalent bond | atoms coming together by sharing electrons |
| molecule | the smallest unit of compounds made of at least 2 atoms |
| monomer | the single molecules that make up polymers |
| polymer | any large molecule made of repeating monomers |
| carbohydrate | C,H,& O compounds that include sugars, starches, and fiber |
| monosaccharide | the monomers of polysaccharides like fructos & glucose |
| polysaccharide | polymer carbohydrates like starch and cellulose |
| lipid | fats, waxes, and oils |
| nucleic acid | organic compounds with C,H,O,N,&P |
| nucleotide | the monomer DNA and RNA |
| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | takes the genetic code from DNA to the ribosomes to make protein |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | transmits the genetic code to the next generation |
| protein | polymers made of amino acids |
| amino acid | the monomer of proteins |
| glucose | monosaccharide made by plants |
| fructose | monosaccharide in fruit |
| galactose | monosaccharide in beans |
| sucrose | disaccharide that is table sugar |
| lactose | disaccharide that is milk sugar |
| cellulose | polysaccharide in plant cell walls (fiber) |
| starch | polysaccharide stored in potatoes and grains |
| enzyme | a protein that controls chemical reactions |
| substrate | the molecule and enzyme works for |
