| A | B |
|---|
| Where would you find antibodies? | in the blood |
| White Blood Cells | fight off disease |
| Phagocytes | Engulf and destroy bacteria at the site of infection by the process of phagocytosis |
| Lymphocytes | Produce antibodies, which act against antigens |
| Vaccinations | A weakened strand of the virus is used to stimulate the immune system |
| Killer T-cells | Seek and destroy infected body cells with the virus in it |
| Helper T-cells | Assist both B-cells and Killer T-cells |
| Allergic Reactions | Results from the over activity of the immune system to common substances such as dust, mold, pollen, or certain foods |
| AIDS | Develops when the HIV virus destroys the Helper T-cells and the body is no longer able to protect itself from diseases that may attack it |
| Transfusion | When a person receives blood from an outside source |
| AIDS | A disease that makes it difficult for people to fight infestions, cancer & other diseases. Caused by the HIV virus. Attacks the white blood cells (T-cells). |
| antibodies | a chemical that attacks germs in the blood |
| antigen | infectious agents (germs) |
| antibiotics | medicine that attacks germs that make you sick |
| B-Cells | white blood cells that produce antibodies that attach to the antigens (germs). Some have a memory to protect against antigans. |
| bacteria | living organisms which can be destroyed by a person's antibodies |
| germs | bacteria or viruses that can harm your body |
| germ transmission | the way the bacteria or virus gets into the body and enters the mucus membrane: air, indirect contact, direct contact |
| HIV | The virus that causes AIDS. It is not recognized as an infection by the immune system so the body fails to produce the necessary antibodies to destroy it. HIV takes over the CD-4 lymphocytes. HIV is hard to get if a person makes the right decisions. |
| host | any person in whom an infectious agent can live and multiply |
| immune system | The body's system which helps to destroy germs and keeps us healthy. |
| immunization | method of producing resistance to an infectious disease, usually by vaccination. |
| T cells | white blood cells that attack antigens (germs). Some have a memory that signal other white blood cells to form antibodies that kill antigens. |
| infectious diseases | a disease that is transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another, caused by bacteria, virus, and other organisms: cold, flu, chicken pox, strep throat, HIV/AIDS |
| virus | living only when part of a host; antibiotics have no effect on them, only the immune system can fight a virus. |
| macrophages | A white blood cell that ingests dead tissues & foreign cells. They signal T-cells. |
| method of entry | manner in which organisms enter the host's body |
| method of escape | manner in which organisms leave the host's body |
| non-infectious disease | a disease that is not transmitted from person-to-person: heart disease, cancer, allergies, asthma |
| susceptible host | a person not having enough resistance against a particular germ to prevent getting the infection when exposed to the germ |
| T-cells | white blood cells that attack antigens (germs). Also called T-lymphocyte (lim-feh-site). |
| universal precautions | Getting help when someone is injured; Don't touch blood; Don't do things that could result in bleeding; Adults should wear rubber gloves if they come in contact with blood or other body fluids. |
| vaccination | Injections of antigens into the body. Helps your body protect itself from diseases. Vaccines are made of antigen particles that are live, dead or weak, but not strong enough to make you sick. |
| virus | living only when part of a host; antibiotics have no effect on them, only the immune system can fight a virus. |
| ways HIV can spread | risky behavior - sharing needles, doing anything that causes one person's blood or body fluid to get into any open cut, sore, or abrasions on another person's skin |
| ways HIV cannot spread | sneezing, using public toilets, eating in restaurants, getting a bug bite, swimming pools, playing games, hugging & kissing someone with HIV/AIDS |
| ways your body fights disease | immune system; vaccinations & antibiotics; helping the body by practicing good health habits to keep germs out: wash hands frequently, cover mouth/nose when coughing/sneezing, cleanse wounds & cover to keep bacteria out. |
| white blood cells | ight off disease. Also known as leukocytes. |
| immune system | antibodies and special white blood cells in a person that recognize, attack, and destroy germs and other foreign materials that enter the body. |
| What is a non-specific defense? | gives a person a general protection against antigens |
| What are specific immune defenses? | white blood cells attacking antigens |
| macrophages, tears, stomach acid, unbroken skin, mucus membranes | non-specific defenses |
| B and T-cells | specific defenses |
| Which white blood cell does HIV attack and destroy? | CD-4 lymphocyte |
| What are the two main groups of white blood cells? | lymphocytes and phagocytes |
| What are the 2 types of lymphocytes? | B and T cells |
| Is a special antibody made for each kind of germ? | yes |
| What is an infectious disease? | A disease that is transmitted from one person to another. |
| What is an non-infectious disease? | does not spread from person to person |
| Ways HIV cannot be caught | playing, sneszes, hugging, etc. |
| Ways HIV can be caught | risky behaviors |
| Which cells signal T-cells to help destroy antigens? | macrophages |
| How can germs be transmitted? | direct and indirect contact |
| Which cells produce antibodies? | white blood cells |
